Enhanced accumulation of starch and total carbohydrates in alginate-immobilized Chlorella spp. induced by Azospirillum brasilense: II. Heterotrophic conditions

Choix, Francisco J.; de‐Bashan, Luz E.; Bashan, Yoav

doi:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.07.012

Cited by 91 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In general, carbon metabolic mode (photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, photoheterotrophic and mixotrophic) is an important factor to consider. Heterotrophic and mixotrophic modes improve the growth rate and lead to a higher carbohydrate accumulation, as it was observed for Chlorella (Abreu et al 2012 ;Choix et al 2012 ). Cell-wall EPS metabolism in Porphyridium also is affected by CO 2 concentration.…”

Section: Carbon Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 76%

Exocellular Polysaccharides in Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Chemical Features, Role and Enzymes and Genes Involved in Their Biosynthesis

Rossi

Philippis

2016

The Physiology of Microalgae

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Aims and ScopeApplied Phycology, the practical use of algae, encompasses a diverse range of fields including algal culture and seaweed farming, the use of algae to produce commercial products such as hydrocolloids, carotenoids and pharmaceuticals, algae as biofertilizers and soil conditioners, the application of algae in wastewater treatment, renewable energy production, algae as environmental indicators, environmental bioremediation and the management of algal blooms. The commercial production of seaweeds and microalgae and products derived there from is a large and well established industry and new algal species, products and processes are being continuously developed.The aim of this book series, Developments in Applied Phycology, is to present state-ofthe-art syntheses of research and development in the field. Volumes of the series will consist of reference books, subject-specific monographs, peer reviewed contributions from conferences, comprehensive evaluations of large-scale projects, and other booklength contributions to the science and practice of applied phycology.

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Section: Carbon Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 76%

Exocellular Polysaccharides in Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Chemical Features, Role and Enzymes and Genes Involved in Their Biosynthesis

Rossi

Philippis

2016

The Physiology of Microalgae

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“…Algae produced its own food by autotrophic nutrition. The food produced is stored as carbohydrates (mainly as starch) and lipid [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In developing an optimal process for C. vulgaris biomass, two main aspects are usually considered, (1) the external factors such as temperature, light intensity, pH, aeration and agitation, (2) the selection of suitable nutrient [4]. Nutrient can be the limiting factors in affecting the quality and quantity of the biomass and lipid (FAMEs) in microalgae [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Medium Screening for Chlorella vulgaris Growth and Lipid Production

Wong¹

2017

JAMB

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“…; Doucha and Livansky, 2012) while accumulating significant levels of starch and much lower levels of lipids and proteins (Sansawa and Endo, 2004;Marsalkova et al, 2010;Choix et al, 2012). Remarkably, when cells are shifted from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic conditions, a short duration (1 to 2 d depending on the weather) of illumination induces a prominent change in the intracellular profile, with marked decreases in starch yet 70% to 120% increases in lipids and proteins (Fan et al, 2012a(Fan et al, , 2012bHan et al, 2012;Li et al, 2014b), resulting in both high target product contents (lipids and proteins) and high biomass productivity ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genomic Foundation of Starch-to-Lipid Switch in Oleaginous Chlorella spp.

et al. 2015

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The ability to rapidly switch the intracellular energy storage form from starch to lipids is an advantageous trait for microalgae feedstock. To probe this mechanism, we sequenced the 56.8-Mbp genome of Chlorella pyrenoidosa FACHB-9, an industrial production strain for protein, starch, and lipids. The genome exhibits positive selection and gene family expansion in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and genes related to cell cycle and stress response. Moreover, 10 lipid metabolism genes might be originated from bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. Transcriptomic dynamics tracked via messenger RNA sequencing over six time points during metabolic switch from starch-rich heterotrophy to lipid-rich photoautotrophy revealed that under heterotrophy, genes most strongly expressed were from the tricarboxylic acid cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, glyoxylate cycle, and amino acid metabolisms, whereas those most down-regulated were from fatty acid and oxidative pentose phosphate metabolism. The shift from heterotrophy into photoautotrophy highlights up-regulation of genes from carbon fixation, photosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, and starch catabolism, which resulted in a marked redirection of metabolism, where the primary carbon source of glycine is no longer supplied to cell building blocks by the tricarboxylic acid cycle and gluconeogenesis, whereas carbon skeletons from photosynthesis and starch degradation may be directly channeled into fatty acid and protein biosynthesis. By establishing the first genetic transformation in industrial oleaginous C. pyrenoidosa, we further showed that overexpression of an NAD(H) kinase from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) increased cellular lipid content by 110.4%, yet without reducing growth rate. These findings provide a foundation for exploiting the metabolic switch in microalgae for improved photosynthetic production of food and fuels.

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Enhanced accumulation of starch and total carbohydrates in alginate-immobilized Chlorella spp. induced by Azospirillum brasilense: II. Heterotrophic conditions

Cited by 91 publications

References 46 publications

Exocellular Polysaccharides in Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Chemical Features, Role and Enzymes and Genes Involved in Their Biosynthesis

Exocellular Polysaccharides in Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Chemical Features, Role and Enzymes and Genes Involved in Their Biosynthesis

Growth Medium Screening for Chlorella vulgaris Growth and Lipid Production

Genomic Foundation of Starch-to-Lipid Switch in Oleaginous Chlorella spp.

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