Enhanced Biocompatibility in Biostable Poly(carbonate)urethane

Abstract

In this work, we synthesized two MDI-based polyurethanes, including a poly(ether)urethane (PEU) and a poly(carbonate)urethane (PCU), by using different soft segments, poly(tetramethylene oxide) and poly(hexyl, ethyl)carbonate diol (M approximately 2,000). We demonstrated that, in addition to the enhanced biostability of PCU over PEU, the biological performances of PCU in vitro were also improved in general. These included, better cellular attachment and proliferation, less platelet activation, as well as reduced monocyte activation. The unusual wide-ranging enhancement in biocompatibility for PCU was believed to be related to the larger micro-phase separation in PCU (approximately 25 nm) that caused distinct protein adsorption on the surface. The total number of adherent monocytes (nonactivated and activated) on the bare sample surfaces, albumin pre-adsorbed sample surfaces, and fibrinogen pre-adsorbed sample surfaces.

Polyurethane Shape‐Memory Polymers Demonstrate Functional Biocompatibility In Vitro

“…The SMPs used in this study fall into the categories of poly(esterurethane)s (PESUs) and poly(etherurethane)s (PEUs), whose biocompatibility is amongst the most studied of polymers. [25][26][27][28][29] Such materials have been used for decades in biomedical applications including pacemaker lead insulation, cardiac guiding catheters, vascular prostheses and grafts, heart valves, ventricular assist devices, intra-aortic balloon pumps, artificial organs, blood tubing, blood filter, and coatings for breast implants. [25,26] Generally, studies suggest that both PESUs and PEUs are more blood and tissue compatible than most polymers, with blood compatibility as good or better than silicone rubber.…”

“…There are no biomaterials to date that eliminate complement activation and protein adsorption, although several classes of materials that include polymers of polyurethane exhibit a high degree of biocompatibility. [26,29] Since devices, such as vascular stents, that are placed in arteries and veins are exposed to shear forces in blood flow, it was endeavored to study how various SMPs elicit leukocyte activation and adhesion in whole blood. While a comparison of Teflon, TS-SMP, and TP-SMP did not reveal significant up-regulation of CD11b/CD18 versus buffer alone, there was a slight upward trend for the SMPs compared to Teflon.…”

The biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of waterborne polyurethane-silver nanocomposites

“…Other samples were fixed by HEPES buffered glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in increasing ethanol solutions, critical point dried, sputter coated with gold and examined by an SEM (S-3000, Hitachi, Japan). The common morphological change (including five stages) during platelet activation was used to define the average degree of activation of a platelet (0.0e1.0) quantitatively [16].…”

Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles in three different sizes and their nanocomposites with a new waterborne polyurethane

“…17 The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board. The medium of RPMI-1640 (Gibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% (v/v) antibiotics (10000 U/mL penicillin G and 10 mg/mL streptomycin) was used to suspend the monocytes, and the concentration was adjusted to 1 × 10 5 cells/mL.…”