Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Silicone-Coated Stents by Plasma Treatment

Kim, H. B.; Baik, Ku Youn; Moon, Min Hoan; Sung, Chang Kyu

doi:10.12693/aphyspola.129.857

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Silicone itself is very hydrophobic [83], inhibiting the integration of peri-prosthetic tissue in situ. Therefore, silicone commonly undergoes surface functionalisation to increase hydrophilicity to promote cell adhesion [84] and to mitigate the risk of poor tissueimplant interaction induced failure [30,80].…”

Section: Stent Coatings Siliconementioning

confidence: 99%

A viewpoint on material and design considerations for oesophageal stents with extended lifetime

et al. 2022

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Oesophageal stents are meshed tubular implants designed to maintain patency of the oesophageal lumen and attenuate the symptoms of oesophageal cancer. Oesophageal cancers account for one in twenty cancer diagnoses and can lead to dysphasia, malnutrition and the diminishment of patient quality of life (QOL). Self-expanding oesophageal stents are the most common approach to attenuate these symptoms. Recent advances in oncological therapy have enabled patient survival beyond the lifetime of current devices. This introduces new complications for palliation, driving the need for innovation in stent design. This review identifies the factors responsible for stent failure. It explores the challenges of enhancing the longevity of stent therapies and outlines solutions to improving clinical outcomes. Discussions focus on the role of stent materials, construction methods, and coatings upon device performance. We found three key stent enhancement strategies currently used; material surface treatments, anti-migratory modifications, and biodegradable skeletons. Furthermore, radioactive and drug eluting stent designs were identified as emerging novel treatments. In conclusion, the review offers an overview of remaining key challenges in oesophageal stent design and potential solutions. It is clear that further research is needed to improve the clinical outcome of stents and patient QOL.

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Section: Stent Coatings Siliconementioning

confidence: 99%

A viewpoint on material and design considerations for oesophageal stents with extended lifetime

et al. 2022

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“…Plastics are one of the most important materials necessary in modern industry and everyday life. Their low price and good properties, such as high resistance to chemicals and low density, resulted in a rapid increase in their production [1]. In 2021, world production of plastics amounted to 367 million tons [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyolefins, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), silicone, and butadiene rubber are most often used for these applications. Silicone rubber is a bio-compatible material used in many medical applications, especially for producing disposable materials such as catheters and drains [1,3]. Drains made of silicone rubber may remain in the patient's body for up to 30 days without causing inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Silicone by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma

et al. 2023

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The objective of the study was to modify the surface of the silicone rubber, using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) to improve its hydrophilic properties. The influence of the exposure time, discharge power, and gas composition—in which the dielectric barrier discharge was generated—on the properties of the silicone surface layer were examined. After the modification, the wetting angles of the surface were measured. Then, the value of surface free energy (SFE) and changes in the polar components of the modified silicone over time were determined using the Owens–Wendt method. The surfaces and morphology of the selected samples before and after plasma modification were examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR–ATR), atomic force microscopy AFM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Based on the research, it can be concluded that the silicone surface can be modified using a dielectric barrier discharge. Surface modification, regardless of the chosen method, is not permanent. The AFM and XPS study show that the structure’s ratio of oxygen to carbon increases. However, after less than four weeks, it decreases and reaches the value of the unmodified silicone. It was found that the cause of the changes in the parameters of the modified silicone rubber is the disappearance of oxygen-containing groups on the surface and a decrease in the molar ratio of oxygen to carbon, causing the RMS surface roughness and the roughness factor to return to the initial values.

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“…Morphological properties and coating thickness were mostly monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (4,5). The great advantage of this observation method is that it is very accurate and there is a good contrast of the silicone layer to the background.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless Measurement of Integrity of Silicone Coating on Self-Expandable Esophageal Nitinol Stents

Kopeček

Zahora

Bezrouk

2022

Acta Med. (Hradec Kralove, Czech Repub.)

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Objectives: A stent is a mesh tube inserted into a natural passage in the body to prevent disease induction. Self-expandable esophageal nitinol stents such as SX-ELLA Stent Esophageal HV (HV Stent Plus) can be indicated for palliation of malignant esophageal strictures, for the treatment of benign esophageal strictures that are refractory to standard therapy and for the treatment of esophago-respiratory fistulas. A silicone-stent coating is used for tumor in-growth prevention and esophago-respiratory fistula occlusion. The thickness of the stent and the overall integrity of the silicone coating of all wires indicate the overall mechanical properties of the esophageal stent and the resistance to external adverse events such as corrosion and mechanical and chemical resistance. Methods: The polymer multicomponent epoxy resin – a mixture of Epon and Durcupan – was used as a method for robust sample stabilization. A cutting system using a thin water beam with a powder (Blue Line) was chosen as the best variant to obtain 6 samples for both-sided measurement (10 measuring sides). The optical microscopic reflective light method was used to examine wire crossing points in the sections. Fifty values were measured on either sample side for the internal, external and mesh thickness of the silicone stent layer. The wire crossing points were selected so that the silicone layer structure could be clearly seen, and the wires approached each other most closely. Only approximately 4 to 8 crossing points in each section could be measured when applying this approach. The resolution of the microscope and calibration (based on the camera used) was 0.677 μm/pixel. Results: Additional data could be obtained on 8 planes. Two boundary samples were destroyed by the cutting process. Whole coating of the stent was around all mesh wires, especially in areas with higher mechanical stress (wire crossing). The minimum detectable and admissible value determined for all 3 measuring areas (internal, external, mesh) on the wire crossings was 6.77 μm, i.e., 10 pixels, based on the microscope resolution and manufacturer’s methodology. The results were characterized by p < 0.001 for all 3 parameters. We tested opposite samples in each section to verify the section quality and data consistency. For the 4 areas, the data were significantly different, but the thickness differences were only on the order of units percent, so the measurements were not appreciably affected. We assume that the material cutting loss, making up 1–2 mm, contributed to the differences in the sections. Conclusion: We examined the overall integrity of the silicone coating of the esophageal stent. The method of HV stent anchoring in a polymeric bath followed by cutting with a waterjet and sample measurement under an optical microscope proved to be very simple and reliable. Sufficient thicknesses of the silicone layer on the wire cross sections were verified. The coated silicone layer thickness appeared to be significantly different along the stent from the proximal part to the distant part, presumably due to the manufacturing technology.

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Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Silicone-Coated Stents by Plasma Treatment

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

A viewpoint on material and design considerations for oesophageal stents with extended lifetime

A viewpoint on material and design considerations for oesophageal stents with extended lifetime

Surface Modification of Silicone by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma

Contactless Measurement of Integrity of Silicone Coating on Self-Expandable Esophageal Nitinol Stents

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