Enhanced digestion of complex cosmetic matrices for analysis of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb using triton X-100

Maharaj, Devika; Mohammed, Terry; Mohammed, Azad; Addison, Letetia Mary

doi:10.1016/j.mex.2021.101241

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the study of Jiménez-Lamana et al [ 15 ], cysteine was added to the solution to stabilize Ag(I) by binding it because of its thiol groups [ 43 , 44 ]. Triton X-100 is a non-ionic surfactant, and it is added to the extraction solutions to stabilize the small particles due to lower surface tension [ 11 , 45 ] and to discard the formation of silver particles from ionic silver [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of extraction methods of silver species from faeces of animals fed with silver-based nanomaterials

et al. 2023

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Extractions methods based on ultrapure water, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), and tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) were applied to faeces collected from two in vivo experiments of pigs and chickens fed with a silver-based nanomaterial to study the fate and speciation of silver. For TMAH extraction, cysteine and CaCl2 were used to evaluate their stabilization effect on the silver forms. The analytical techniques single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS), hydrodynamic chromatography hyphenated to ICP-MS (HDC-ICP-MS) and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled to ICP-MS (AF4-ICP-MS) were applied to the simultaneous detection of particulate and dissolved silver. Results have shown that water extraction was a suitable option to assess the environmental release of silver, with percentages of 3 and 9% for faeces of pigs and chickens, respectively. The use of TMAH extraction combined with SP-ICP-MS analysis was useful to characterize Ag-containing particles (less than 1%). Both stabilizers, cysteine and CaCl2, have a similar effect on silver nanoparticle preservation for chicken faeces, whereas cysteine-Triton was better for pig samples. In any case, silver extraction efficiency with TMAH was low (39–42%) for both types of faeces due to a matrix effect. TSPP followed by ICP-MS enabled the fractionation of the silver in the faeces, with silver sulphide (41%) and ionic silver (62%) being the most abundant fractions. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of extraction methods of silver species from faeces of animals fed with silver-based nanomaterials

et al. 2023

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“…A 0.5 ± 0.1 g of each skin lightening cream sample was weighed in triplicate into clean, dried labelled boiling tubes. 5 mL of a mixture of 70% Nitric and 30% Hydrogen peroxide were added along with 1mL of a 5% TritonX-100 solution to each of the boiling tubes, mixed, and allowed to pre-digest at room temperature for 24 h. The boiling tubes were then placed in a heating block set to 95 °C and allowed to digest for 3 h as per the method of Maharaj et al [26]. The digested samples were cooled to room temperature and filtered through a Whatman No.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of mercury in skin lightening creams commonly used in Trinidad and Tobago and their associated health risk

Mohammed,

Rambocas,

Basdeo

et al. 2024

The European Research Journal

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Objectives: This study investigated the presence of mercury in commonly used over the counter skin-lightening creams available in Trinidad and Tobago. The objective of this study was to evaluate if skin-lightening creams commonly used in Trinidad and Tobago contained Mercury, and establish the health risks presented by these products. Methods: Nineteen skin-lightening creams were analysed using Cold Capor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS). Margin of Safety (MoS) and Hazard Quotient (HQ) calculations were used to assess risk to users. Results: Of the nineteen creams assessed, sixteen contained high concentrations of mercury (0.294-14414.5 µg/g), only three creams had no mercury detected. 9 of the 19 samples contained levels of mercury that exceed the Minamata convention’s accepted limit of 1µg/g, with 3 samples exceeding 3800.000 µg/g. Risk assessments using MoS and HQ showed that 3 of the samples were unsafe for use and are considered hazardous. The study also revealed that many creams do contain mercury even if it did not constitute part of the product formulation. Conclusions: The data infers that some manufacturers do add mercury to their formulations while others are the victims of contaminated raw materials. MoS and HQ show that 21% of the samples were unsafe and 16% can be considered hazardous for human use. It is possible that with such levels of mercury in these products and the popularity of these products within the Caribbean Community and its diaspora, that there exists a significant amount of members with higher than acceptable mercury levels, with undiagnosed clinical symptoms.

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“…The experiment results are presented in Table 7 showing that lead ions from cosmetic products were collected in amounts ranging from 97.0% to 104.0%. (28).…”

Section: Selective Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination, Manufacturing and application of a nanoparticle lead ion-selective electrode as a sensor in flow injection systems

Al-Samarrai

2024

Sensors and Machine Learning Applications

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This study involves the construction of ion-selective electrodes for the determination of lead (II) ions and their utilization as sensors in a flow-injection analysis (FIA) system. The electrode was constructed using a simple environmentally friendly method from a green tea extract, and a Lead acetate solution of the cited ions as a cylindrical disc. A vertical, side-to-side cylinder, the whole is created in its centre and another lateral hole is created for the electrical attachment of the electrode, so the prepared electrode is suitable for use with the FIA system. The electrode was studied surface properties and characteristics of this electrode were analysed using X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTR). via selection of the optimum conditions (i.e. linear calibration range, lowest Nernstian response, lowest detection limit, degree of dilution, and precision and accuracy of their analytical uses). Electrode which gave the best Nernstian response1.00×10-1 to 1.00×10-10 M, a correlation coefficient of 0.9980, with lower Nernstian response of 1×10-10 M and detection limit of 1×10-11 M. The sampling rate was 120 samples per hour the calculated time of the contact of the sample with the electrode surface is 6 seconds and the degree of dilution is 2.37625.

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Enhanced digestion of complex cosmetic matrices for analysis of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb using triton X-100

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Comparative study of extraction methods of silver species from faeces of animals fed with silver-based nanomaterials

Comparative study of extraction methods of silver species from faeces of animals fed with silver-based nanomaterials

Evaluation of mercury in skin lightening creams commonly used in Trinidad and Tobago and their associated health risk

Determination, Manufacturing and application of a nanoparticle lead ion-selective electrode as a sensor in flow injection systems

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