Enhanced effective connectivity from the middle frontal gyrus to the parietal lobe is associated with impaired mental rotation after total sleep deprivation: An electroencephalogram study

Abstract

Sleep deprivation impairs cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and decision-making. Studies on the neuro-electro-physiological mechanisms underlying total sleep deprivation (TSD) that impairs spatial cognition are limited. Based on electroencephalogram (EEG) and Exact Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA), this study focused on the effects of TSD on mental rotation and the cognitive neural mechanisms underlying its damage. Twenty-four healthy college students completed mental rotation tasks while resting and after 36 h of TSD; their EEG data were simultaneously recorded. The amplitude of P300 component associated with mental rotation was observed and localized through source reconstruction, while changes in effective connectivity between multiple brain regions associated with mental rotation cognitive processing were calculated using isolated effective coherence (iCoh) of eLORETA. Compared with the baseline before TSD, the amplitude of the P300 component related to mental rotation decreased. The task-state data of P300 were localized to the source of the difference in ERP current density, and it was found that the brain regions related to the difference in the decrease in P300 amplitude included the superior parietal lobule, precuneus, prefrontal lobe, and other related regions. Effective connectivity analysis found that TSD enhanced the effective connectivity from the left middle frontal gyrus to the left superior parietal lobule, left inferior parietal lobule, and left precuneus under the identical condition. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the decrease in accuracy of mental rotation and increase in effective connectivity. Thus, our study suggests that TSD impairs the ability of the mental rotation, showing a decrease in P300 amplitude and an enhanced effective connectivity between the middle frontal gyrus and the parietal lobe in the task state.

Electrophysiological Mechanism of Attention of Sleep Deprivation: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials (ERP) Data

“…Liu et al found the astronauts showed smaller amplitude of the P300 under the sleep deprivation condition [ 22 ]. In a 36 h sleep deprivation, it s found that the P300 amplitudes decreased, and the cognitive impairment during 38 h of sleep deprivation was mainly in terms of vigilance and reaction time [ 23 ]. Kusztor et al found that 24 h of sleep deprivation resulted in declined sustained attention and reduced P300 amplitudes [ 24 ].…”

The increased functional connectivity between the locus coeruleus and supramarginal gyrus in insomnia disorder with acupuncture modulation

“…A voxel-based morphometry study showed that the white matter volume of SMG was negatively associated with the PSQI score ( Bai et al, 2022 ), and the higher volume of SMG was correlated with the longer sleep duration ( Cheng et al, 2021 ). Studies found that the increasement in parietal lobe activity could compensate for the decreased cognition caused by insomnia ( Chee and Choo, 2004 ; Li Y. et al, 2022 ). Based on these findings, we believe that acupuncture may relieve cognitive decline caused by insomnia by modulating LC-SMG FC.…”

The Lateralization of Spatial Cognition in Table Tennis Players: Neuroplasticity in the Dominant Hemisphere

“…EEG data were recorded using a 32-channel EEG recording and analysis system (NeuroScan, Charlotte, NC, USA), which has been extensively used ( accessed on 25 October 2022.) [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. The installation electrode refers to the international 10–20 system of electrode placement.…”