Enhanced efficacy of immersion vaccination in tilapia against columnaris disease by chitosan-coated “pathogen-like” mucoadhesive nanovaccines

Kitiyodom, Sirikorn; Yata, Teerapong; Yostawornkul, Jakarwan; Kaewmalun, Somrudee; Nittayasut, Naiyaphat; Suktham, Kunat; Surassmo, Suvimol; Namdee, Katawut; Rodkhum, Channarong; Pirarat, Nopadon

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.064

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…[ 18 ] and Asian seabass ( Lates calcarifer ) [ 19 ]. In addition, oral vaccines use chitosan polymer-based, coated and inactivated bacteria to enhance protective efficacy [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Efficacy of Novel Oral Biofilm Vaccines against Lactococcus garvieae Infection in Mullet, Mugil cephalus

Chen

2021

Vaccines

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Lactococcus garvieae (L. garvieae) is an important pathogen that causes enormous economic losses in both marine and freshwater aquaculture. At present, antibiotics are the only option for farmers to reduce the losses caused by L. garvieae. However, the usage of antibiotics leads to environmental pollution and the production of drug-resistant strains of bacteria. Therefore, vaccination is preferred as an alternative method to prevent infectious diseases. In this study, we describe an effective approach to the production of an oral biofilm vaccine, using bacteria grown on chitosan particles to form biofilms, and thus providing an inactive pathogen that enhances the immune response in fish. We observed the formation of a biofilm on chitosan particles and administered the novel oral biofilm vaccine to fish. We analyzed the immune responses, including antibody production, phagocytic ability, albumin/globulin ratio and immune-related genes, of vaccinated and control groups of black mullet. Our results show that the phagocytic ability of the biofilm vaccine group was 84%, which is significantly higher than that of the control group, and the antibody production in this group was significantly higher compared with the other group. The mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes (TLR2, IL-1β, TNF-α) were significantly upregulated in the spleen after vaccination. In challenge experiments, the relative percent survival (RPS) was 77% in the biofilm vaccine group, 18% in the whole-cell vaccine group, and 0% in the chitosan particle group at 32 days post-vaccination. In addition, we also found that the relative percent survival (RPS) at 1 day post-vaccination was 74% in the biofilm vaccine group, 42% in the whole-cell vaccine group, and 26% in the chitosan particle group. In both long-term and short-term challenge experiments, the viability of the biofilm vaccine group was significantly higher than that of the whole-cell, chitosan particle and PBS groups. We conclude that based on its protective effect, the L. garvieae biofilm vaccine is better than the whole-cell vaccine when challenged several weeks after vaccination. In addition, the biofilm vaccine also has a greater protective effect than the whole-cell vaccine when challenged immediately after vaccination. Therefore, the biofilm vaccine might represent a novel method for the prevention and treatment of L. garvieae infection.

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“…[ 18 ] and Asian seabass ( Lates calcarifer ) [ 19 ]. In addition, oral vaccines use chitosan polymer-based, coated and inactivated bacteria to enhance protective efficacy [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Efficacy of Novel Oral Biofilm Vaccines against Lactococcus garvieae Infection in Mullet, Mugil cephalus

Chen

2021

Vaccines

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“…Formalin-killed bacteria were washed three times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.2) and the bacterial concentration of the vaccine preparation was adjusted to 10 8 CFU mL −1 . Formulation of the vaccine was carried out according to Kitiyodom et al (2019) [13]. In brief, to prepare the whole cell killed bacterial vaccine (WC), an aliquot of bacterial cells (15% w/w) was mixed with PBS (85% w/w).…”

Section: Bacteria and Vaccine Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, this approach has been impeded by the fact that the effectiveness of antigen absorption by mucosal tissues is limited and the potency of induction of protective immune responses can be low and short in duration. Our previous study demonstrated the use of a biomimetic-mucoadhesive nanovaccine that allows better adsorption of antigens to the mucosal surfaces of fish [13,14]. Strong mucosal immunity was triggered by the vaccine, inducing an immune cascade at the mucosal site and in the mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) following immersion immunization [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) against Flavobacterium columnare Challenge

et al. 2021

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Immersion vaccination with a biomimetic mucoadhesive nanovaccine has been shown to induce a strong mucosal immune response against columnaris disease, a serious bacterial disease in farmed red tilapia caused by Flavobacterium columnare. However, the induction of a systemic immune response by the vaccine is yet to be investigated. Here, we examine if a specific humoral immune response is stimulated in tilapia by a biomimetic-mucoadhesive nanovaccine against Flavobacterium columnare using an indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and the expression of immune-related genes within the head-kidney and spleen, together with assessing the relative percent survival of vaccinated fish after experimentally infecting them with F. columnare. The anti-IgM antibody titer of fish at 14 and 21 days post-vaccination was significantly higher in chitosan complex nanoemulsion (CS-NE) vaccinated fish compared to fish vaccinated with the formalin-killed vaccine or control fish, supporting the serum bactericidal activity results at these time points. The cumulative mortality of the unvaccinated control fish was 87% after challenging fish with the pathogen, while the cumulative mortality of the CS-NE vaccinated group was 24%, which was significantly lower than the formalin-killed vaccinated and control fish. There was a significant upregulation of IgM, IgT, TNF α, and IL1-β genes in the spleen and kidney of vaccinated fish. Significant upregulation of IgM and IgT genes was observed in the spleen of CS-NE vaccinated fish. The study confirmed the charged-chitosan-based mucoadhesive nanovaccine to be an effective platform for immersion vaccination of tilapia, with fish generating a humoral systemic immune response against columnaris disease in vaccinated fish.

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“…Flavobacterium columnare is responsible for columnaris diseases in farmed red tilapia. In a recent study, Kitiyodom et al (2019) coated the NP surface with mucoadhesive chitosan biopolymer to mimic 'pathogen-like' properties and ensure the binding of CNPs on mucus membrane. A challenge test was carried out 60 days post-vaccination with the prepared immersion vaccine, and RPS for mucoadhesive nanovaccine was greater than 60%.…”

Section: Chitosan Nps/mps Against Bacterial Diseases In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of carbon nanotubes and polymeric micro‐/nanoparticles in fish vaccine delivery: progress and future perspectives

Giri

Kim

Kang

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Newly evolving strains of pathogenic microorganisms in aquaculture are posing formidable challenge in controlling and/or eradication of diseases affecting aquaculture. Many research studies have aimed to address this challenge, and the delivery of vaccines using biocompatible nano-delivery systems is widely investigated. Nanoparticles (NPs) have tremendous potential for application as delivery vehicles of novel vaccines. At present, various polymeric and non-polymeric NPs are utilized to deliver vaccines in aquatic species. This review comprehensively discusses recent research advancements in the utilization of carbon nanotubes and polymeric micro-/nanoparticles for the delivery of drug/nutrients to control fish diseases. Further, this review compares the potentials of various vaccine delivery systems utilized to control fish pathogens. The necessity of non-toxic and eco-friendly strategies for aquaculture has also been emphasized in this review.

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Enhanced efficacy of immersion vaccination in tilapia against columnaris disease by chitosan-coated “pathogen-like” mucoadhesive nanovaccines

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

Protective Efficacy of Novel Oral Biofilm Vaccines against Lactococcus garvieae Infection in Mullet, Mugil cephalus

Protective Efficacy of Novel Oral Biofilm Vaccines against Lactococcus garvieae Infection in Mullet, Mugil cephalus

Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) against Flavobacterium columnare Challenge

Applications of carbon nanotubes and polymeric micro‐/nanoparticles in fish vaccine delivery: progress and future perspectives

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