Enhanced electro-oxidation resistance of carbon electrodes induced by phosphorus surface groups

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The electro-oxidation of carbon materials enormously degrades their performance and limits their wider utilization in multiple electrochemical applications.In this work, the positive influence of phosphorus functionalities on the overall electrochemical stability of carbon materials has been demonstrated under different conditions. We show that the extent and selectivity of electroxidation in P-containing carbons are completely different to those observed in conventional carbons without P.The electro-oxidation of P-containing carbons involves the active participation of phosphorus surface groups, which are gradually transformed at high potentials from less-to more-oxidized species to slow down the introduction of oxygen groups on the carbon surface (oxidation) and the subsequent generation of (C*OOH)-like unstable promoters of electro-gasification. The highest-oxidized P groups (-C-O-P-like species) seem to distribute the gained oxygen to neighboring carbon sites, which finally suffer oxidation and/or gasification. So it is thought that P-groups could act as mediators of carbon oxidation although including various steps and intermediates compared to electroxidation in P-free materials.

Nitrogen doped superporous carbon prepared by a mild method. Enhancement of supercapacitor performance

“…KUA KUA-CONH2 KUA-N (>0.8V), some prejudicial functionalities, as the CO 2 -type groups, which are the starting point in degradation mechanism of carbon electrodes [23] , can be formed. For these reasons, the potential range of stability of KUA and KUA-N have been determined in order to assess the effect of electroactive oxygen groups on the electrochemical stability of these carbon materials.…”

Phosphorous‐Doped Graphite Layers with Outstanding Electrocatalytic Activities for the Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions in Water Electrolysis

“…However, for the P‐containing carbon materials, hitherto, there is no report on the study of active P species identification for the OER and HER. Meanwhile, given that the attachment of P groups onto the surface of carbon materials generally could effectively inhibit the carbon electro‐oxidation and reduce the carbon assumption,22–24 in‐depth investigations on the OER and HER activities of phosphorous single‐doped carbon materials and the corresponding active structures will be quite essential for the further targeted development of high efficient P‐containing OER and HER electrocatalysts.…”

Activated Carbons Prepared through H3PO4‐Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonisation from Biomass Wastes: Porous Texture and Electrochemical Performance

“…These phosphorus groups dictate the surface chemistry of ACs, providing acidic functions that are useful in dehydration reactions and for the removal of heavy‐metal cations from wastewaters by adsorption . They also protect the carbon surface from oxidation and electro‐oxidation …”

“…[16,18,51] They also protect the carbonsurfacefrom oxidation and electro-oxidation. [52,53] Figure 4s hows the XPS P2pr egion of SD ACs prepared at different impregnation ratios. These spectra have been decon- www.chempluschem.org volutedinto two components, according to previous studies, [54] which are assignedt ot he presenceo fl ess (CÀPÀO) and more oxidised( C ÀOÀP) phosphorus species.T he first are related to the presence of phosphonate and other groups at which phosphorusi sm ore reduced, whereas the latter( C ÀOÀP) have been connectedt ot he formation of condensed phosphates or polyphosphates.…”