Enhanced growth and ethylene increases spiral grain formation in Picea abies and Abies balsamea trees

Eklund, Leif; Säll, Harald; Linder, Sune

doi:10.1007/s00468-002-0210-6

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Other works have revealed high level of spiral grain to be correlated with a fast growth rate (Eklund et al, 2003). These authors demonstrated a positive relationship between growth, ethylene evolution and a high left-handed spiral grain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Does selecting for improved growth affect wood quality of Pinus pinaster in Portugal?

Gaspar

Lousada

Rodrigues

et al. 2009

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Does selecting for improved growth affect wood quality of Pinus pinaster in Portugal?

Gaspar

Lousada

Rodrigues

et al. 2009

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…In addition, we determined the changes caused by maturation and studied the interaction between distance from the pith and IL treatment on fibre length and lignin concentration. The effects of IL treatment at Asa on different aspects of wood properties have previously been reported by Lundgren (2003Lundgren ( , 2004 and Eklund et al (2003), but tracheid length and wood chemistry have not yet been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Growth, wood chemistry, and fibre length of Norway spruce in a long-term nutrient optimization experiment

et al. 2009

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The study was performed as part of a nutrient optimization experiment at Asa in southern Sweden. The experiment was established 1987, in a Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand planted in 1975. In the nutrient optimization treatment (IL), all essential macro-and micronutrients were supplied, with irrigation water, every second day during the growing season. In October 2003, nine trees were harvested on both untreated control and IL plots. The IL treatment increased annual ring width during the first years of the experiment by ca. 30% and cumulative cross-sectional area 1.5-fold by the end of the experiment. Tracheid length was, however, not affected by the IL treatment. The nitrogen concentration of wood increased and starch concentration decreased as an effect of the IL treatment, suggesting that carbon was allocated to growth rather than storage. The IL treatment increased lignin concentration of wood by 3.4%. Chemical composition varied at different heights along the stem, but with no apparent trend. Résumé :Cette étude a été réalisée dans le cadre d'une expérience d'optimisation des nutriments à Asa dans le sud de la Suède. L'expérience a été établie en 1987, dans un peuplement d'épicéa commun (Picea abies (L.) Karst. ) planté en 1975. Dans le traitement d'optimisation des nutriments (IL), tous les macro et micro-nutriments essentiels ont été appliqués dans l'eau d'irrigation à tous les deux jours durant la saison de croissance. En octobre 2003, neuf arbres ont été récoltés dans les parcelles témoins non traitées et les parcelles IL. Le traitement IL a augmenté la largeur du cerne annuel d'environ 30 % durant la première année de l'expérience et la surface radiale cumulative d'un facteur de 1,5 à la fin de l'expérience. La longueur des trachéides n'a cependant pas été affectée par le traitement IL. La concentration en azote dans le bois a augmenté et la concentration en amidon a diminué sous l'effet du traitement IL indiquant que l'allocation du carbone était dirigé vers la croissance plutôt que l'accumulation de réserves. Le traitement IL a augmenté de 3,4 % la concentration de la lignine dans le bois. La composition chimique variait selon la hauteur dans la tige mais aucune tendance n'était apparente.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…3), whereas the 26-year-old Curly Poplar did not show any sign of spirality. As stated previously, different growing conditions can affect spiral growth, but it may be also due to differing properties of juvenile and mature wood, or affected by environmental factors that change throughout the year (Eklund and Säll 2000;Eklund et al 2003).…”

Section: Genetic Ancestry Of Curly Poplarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include, but are not necessarily restricted to, plant hormones and RNAs (Turnbull et al 2002;Harada 2010;Kasai et al 2011). A study of Norway spruce and balsam fir showed that exogenous ethylene increased spiral growth (Eklund et al 2003). Other plant hormones, such as auxin, which are required for tracheid differentiation and cell polarity (Kramer et al 2008;Kramer 2009), and gibberellic acid, which is required for tracheid elongation (Kalev and Aloni 1999), may also contribute to certain types of figure.…”

Section: Graft-transmissible Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research focused on transmissible signals revealed that ethylene regulates the severity of spiral grain angle in Norway spruce and balsam fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.] (Eklund et al 2003). However, there is mounting evidence that certain types of figure are best explained by a third theory: genetically controlled responses to specific environmental conditions (Bragg 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Figured grain in aspen is heritable and not affected by graft-transmissible signals

Fan

Rupert

Wiedenhoeft

et al. 2013

Trees

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Figure can add value to wood products, but its occurrence is unpredictable. A first step in reliably producing figured wood is determining whether it is faithfully transmitted to progeny via sexual and asexual reproduction. We describe a 26-year-old male aspen genotype, designated 'Curly Poplar', which was shown to be a Populus 9 canescens hybrid using microsatellite markers. All rooted cuttings of this genotype exhibited an undulating pattern on the radial surface that was not seen in the control trees, all of which showed a smooth radial surface and straight grain. We observed spiral grain with a magnitude of 2.77 ± 0.12°/cm from vertical in 11-month-old, fieldgrown rooted Curly Poplar cuttings, but spiral grain was not apparent in wood from the 26-year-old mature ortet that supplied these cuttings. Veneer cut from the mature tree exhibited a novel type of figure that we called 'Scattered Moiré'. Reciprocal grafts between Curly Poplar and various non-figured aspens showed that a graft-transmissible signals did not appear to be involved in figure formation in Curly Poplar or the induction of figure in straight-grained trees. Curly Poplar was crossed to a straight-grained clone to test the inheritance of the gene(s) responsible for figure. Samples from the resulting population revealed that 79 out of 377 seedlings exhibited figure. A Chi-square test led to the rejection of a 1:1 segregation ratio between figured and non-figured phenotypes (p \ 0.01), but not of a 1:3 segregation ratio (p 0.0793). Overall, these analyses showed that figure in Curly Poplar is under genetic control, but its inheritance may not be simple.

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Enhanced growth and ethylene increases spiral grain formation in Picea abies and Abies balsamea trees

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Does selecting for improved growth affect wood quality of Pinus pinaster in Portugal?

Does selecting for improved growth affect wood quality of Pinus pinaster in Portugal?

Growth, wood chemistry, and fibre length of Norway spruce in a long-term nutrient optimization experiment

Figured grain in aspen is heritable and not affected by graft-transmissible signals

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