Enhanced IoT-Based End-To-End Emergency and Disaster Relief System

Abstract

Abstract:In this paper, we present a new enhancement for an emergency and disaster relief system called Critical and Rescue Operations using Wearable Wireless sensors networks (CROW 2 ). We address the reliability challenges in setting up a wireless autonomous communication system in order to offload data from the disaster area (rescuers, trapped victims, civilians, media, etc.) back to a command center. The proposed system connects deployed rescuers to extended networks and the Internet. CROW 2 is an end-to-end system that runs the recently-proposed Optimized Routing Approach for Critical and Emergency Networks (ORACE-Net) routing protocol. The system integrates heterogeneous wireless devices (Raspberry Pi, smart phones, sensors) and various communicating technologies (WiFi IEEE 802.11n, Bluetooth IEEE 802.15.1) to enable end-to-end network connectivity, which is monitored by a cloud Internet-of-Things platform. First, we present the CROW 2 generic system architecture, which is adaptable to various technologies integration at different levels (i.e., on-body, body-to-body, off-body). Second, we implement the ORACE-Net protocol on heterogeneous devices including Android-based smart phones and Linux-based Raspberry Pi devices. These devices act as on-body coordinators to collect information from on-body sensors. The collected data is then pushed to the command center thanks to multi-hop device-to-device communication. Third, the overall CROW 2 system performance is evaluated according to relevant metrics including end-to-end link quality estimation, throughput and end-to-end delay. As a proof-of-concept, we validate the system architecture through deployment and extracted experimental results. Finally, we highlight motion detection and links' unavailability prevention based on the recorded data where the main factors (i.e., interference and noise) that affect the performance are analyzed.

The Rising Role of Big Data Analytics and IoT in Disaster Management: Recent Advances, Taxonomy and Prospects

“…The data collection part of the system includes the mobile terminal that is backed by IoT while the storage and data analytics part comprises of a cloudbacked system. Ben Arbia, et al [39] proposed an emergency and disaster relief system which is monitored by a cloudbased IoT platform. The system is known as Critical and Rescue Operations using Wearable Wireless sensors networks (CROW 2 ) and integrates heterogeneous wireless devices such as smartphones and sensors with various communication technologies such as WiFi and Bluetooth to support endto-end network connectivity.…”

HELPER: Heterogeneous Efficient Low Power Radio for enabling ad hoc emergency public safety networks

“…Zigbee technology that operates in 2.4 GHz band was used as the physical layer. An emergency and disaster relief system called Critical and Rescue Operations using Wearable Wireless sensors networks (CROW 2 ) is proposed in [26]. The authors propose an end-to-end system that employs an Optimized Routing Approach for Critical and Emergency Networks (ORACE-Net) routing protocol.…”

Victim detection platform in IoT paradigm

“…However, a use of multi‐model approach for victim detection considering different sensing and detection technologies is still under‐explored. Moreover, one of important issues is to keep data reliability against noise data, contradictory data, irrelevant data, malicious rumour and so on 29 . Although there is a large amount of papers attempting to conserve data reliability in the field of IoT, 30–32 research and discussions about trustworthiness of data and information from multi‐sources in the field of disaster management are still few, despite the important issue related to human life.…”