Enhanced lithium electrochromism of atmospheric pressure plasma jet-synthesized tungsten/molybdenum oxide films for flexible electrochromic devices

Electrochromic W1–x–yTixMoyO3 Thin Films Made by Sputter Deposition: Large Optical Modulation, Good Cycling Durability, and Approximate Color Neutrality

“…Analogous results were reported by Yamada and Kitao . A number of supporting studies of EC W 1– y Mo y O 3 thin films have been reported subsequently on thin films prepared by various techniques including thermal evaporation, reactive DC magnetron cosputtering, reactive sputtering assisted by a selective sublimation processing technique, chemical vapor deposition, , spray pyrolysis, electrochemical deposition from a metal peroxide bath, and atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition . Virtually complete color neutrality was obtained for WO 3 –MoO 3 –V 2 O 5 thin films deposited by evaporation, as shown in early work by Sato and Seino .…”

“…27 A number of supporting studies of EC W 1−y Mo y O 3 thin films have been reported subsequently on thin films prepared by various techniques including thermal evaporation, 28 reactive DC magnetron cosputtering, 29 reactive sputtering assisted by a selective sublimation processing technique, 30 chemical vapor deposition, 31,32 spray pyrolysis, 33 electrochemical deposition from a metal peroxide bath, 34 and atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition. 35 Virtually complete color neutrality was obtained for WO 3 −MoO 3 − V 2 O 5 thin films deposited by evaporation, as shown in early work by Sato and Seino. 36 The improved color performance of WO 3 −MoO 3 -based thin films allows them to be used in EC devices with transparent counter-electrodes, for example, based on Ce oxide, 37,38 but these properties are of interest also for Nioxide-based counter-electrodes with some brownish−yellowish anodic coloration that in itself is able to provide color matching to some degree.…”

Dual-Functional WO3 Nanocolumns with Broadband Antireflective and High-Performance Flexible Electrochromic Properties

“…One way to resolve the above problems is in virtue of the construction of nanostructured inorganic EC materials with great specific surface area and permeable channels for fast ion diffusion and electron transfer. , The unique nanostructure can also help to eliminate the film stress during the bending or twisting treatment, causing a great improvement in mechanical stability and flexibility. Recently, flexible ECDs with enhanced performance have been reported on the basis of the metal-oxides nanomaterials with various morphologies, such as nanoparticles, − nanowires, − nanosheets, , and other interesting configurations − prepared by sol–gel, hydrothermal, chemical or electrochemical deposition, and other physical deposition methods. Although much progress has been made with the help of nanotechnology, the large-scale and reliable controlled fabrication and integration of nanomaterials with tailorable properties (such as morphology, porosity, and composition) by a convenient method still faces some challenges. , …”

Advances in electrochromic device technology: Multiple roads towards superior durability

“…Recent comprehensive work was devoted to films of W1-x-yTixMoyO3 with x < 0.2 and y < 0.2 [45]. Mo was added since it has a well-known propensity to improve the color properties of EC WO3 films, especially their color neutrality [34,46,47]. Fig.…”