Enhanced Lithium Storage in Reduced Graphene Oxide-supported M-phase Vanadium(IV) Dioxide Nanoparticles

Abstract

Vanadium(IV) dioxide (VO2) has drawn attention as one of the most attractive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), hence, much research has been conducted in various sectors in this field. However, to date, most of this research has focused on the VO2(B) polymorph, whereas electrochemical information on the use of VO2(M) in LIB electrodes is insufficient. Thus, it is worthwhile to explore the possibility of using VO2(M) for LIB electrode application, and to investigate whether its electrochemical properties can be improved. In this study, VO2(M) nanoparticles, incorporated with a reduced graphene oxide composite (NP-VO2/rGO), were successfully synthesized via a sol–gel assisted hydrothermal process by the chemical reduction of V2O5 gel, using hydrazine as the reducing agent. The particle size was less than 50 nm regardless of the presence of rGO. Also, NP-VO2/rGO exhibited a specific capacity of 283 mA h g−1 up to the 200th cycle at a current density of 60 mA g−1, indicating its potential to be used in LIBs.

Fast-Charging High-Energy Battery–Supercapacitor Hybrid: Anodic Reduced Graphene Oxide–Vanadium(IV) Oxide Sheet-on-Sheet Heterostructure

“…Vanadium oxide is one of the most widely used transition-metal oxides (TMOs) in different fields of application owing to its several compositions (V 2 O 5 , V 3 O 7 , V 4 O 9 , V 6 O 13 , VO 2 , V 2 O 3 , etc. ) with different oxidation states (+5, +4, +3, and +2). , Their high abundance, low cost, and wide range of working potential makes them attractive for LIB researchers . Moreover, the unique structure of different vanadium oxides offers substitution/addition toward other metal ions (Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Li + , Na + ) and maintains the electrical neutrality upon Li-ion intercalation/deintercalation .…”

“…Another interesting material for LIB electrode is VO 2 (+4 oxidation state). Like V 2 O 5 , VO 2 is also used as a cathode in most cases due to the high redox potential of V 4+ /V 3+ (near 3.4 V vs Li/Li + ) with a working potential of 1–4 V ( vs Li/Li + ), which is also a one-electron-transfer process. − However, there are few reports of anodic behavior of VO 2 in the literature, where there is no clear justification of the “unexpected” anodic behavior of VO 2 . ,, Moreover, VO 2 exhibits four different polymorphs, and all the polymorphs are not suitable for LIB . Among them, VO 2 (B) is an excellent option as a LIB electrode owing to the bilayered tunnel-like framework, as Li + ions can be easily transported through the large tunnel at the corners and edges of VO 6 octahedra .…”

“…Among them, VO 2 (B) is an excellent option as a LIB electrode owing to the bilayered tunnel-like framework, as Li + ions can be easily transported through the large tunnel at the corners and edges of VO 6 octahedra . Nonetheless, its electrochemical performance is inferior to that of the other TMOs. ,, In addition, fast degradation due to the low electrical conductivity of such materials is an issue for battery applications. An alternative is to use two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures to enhance the electrical conductivity and structural durability. − …”

Nanostructured Graphene Oxide-Based Hybrids as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…The nanotubular morphology of VO 2 (B) wrapped between graphene sheets improved the charge transfer and achieved~450 mAh g −1 at 40 mA g −1 current rate. Song et al [424] Choi et al [425] prepared VO 2 -decorated rGO balls using a one-pot spray-pyrolysis process from a colloidal spray solution of well-dispersed GO and NH 4 VO 3 followed by post-treatment at 300 • C in an air atmosphere. The as-prepared VO 2 (B) nanorods (~200 nm in diameter) are encapsulated by rGO nanosheets.…”

Lithiated VO2(M)@Carbon Fibers Hybrid Host for Improving the Cycling Stability of Sulfur Cathode in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries†

“…synthesized VO 2 (M)‐rGO (reduced graphene oxide) as the electrode material, indicating its potential to be used in lithium‐ion batteries. [ 38 ] Li et al . systematically prepared the polycrystalline VO 2 (M) as the anodes of lithium‐ion batteries, exhibiting the enhanced lithium electroactivity and delivering a high reversible capacity.…”