Enhanced neural responsiveness to reward associated with obesity in the absence of food‐related stimuli

Opel, Nils; Redlich, Ronny; Grotegerd, Dominik; Dohm, Katharina; Haupenthal, Cordula; Heindel, Walter; Kugel, Harald; Arolt, Volker; Dannlowski, Udo

doi:10.1002/hbm.22773

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…One possibility is that the relationships observed in previous studies between weight status and reward processing may only exist in older populations. In adolescents and adults, weight status and risk of developing obesity has been related to the BOLD response to both anticipating and receiving food and monetary rewards (15,35,37,45,46,78). However, in children of similar age to the current study sample, weight status was also positively correlated with the BOLD response during passive viewing of food images (8,19) and receipt (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Food or money? Children's brains respond differently to rewards regardless of weight status

et al. 2018

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Summary Background Brain responses to both food and monetary rewards have been linked to weight gain and obesity in adults, suggesting that general sensitivity to reward contributes to overeating. However, the relationship between brain reward response and body weight in children is unclear. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the brain's response to multiple rewards and the relationship to body weight in children. Methods We tested this by performing functional magnetic resonance imaging while children (7‐ to 11‐years‐old; healthy weight [n = 31], overweight/obese [n = 30]) played a modified card‐guessing task to assess blood‐oxygen‐level‐dependent (BOLD) response to anticipating and winning food and money rewards. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analysed using a region of interest and exploratory whole‐brain approach. Results Region of interest results demonstrated increased BOLD response in the striatum to anticipating food vs. neutral (control) and winning money vs. neutral. Whole‐brain data showed that winning money vs. food was associated with increased activation in the striatum, as well as regions associated with cognitive control and emotion. Notably, for both approaches, these effects were independent of child weight status. Additionally, children's reported food responsiveness and emotional overeating were negatively correlated with the BOLD response in the left cingulate gyrus for winning food vs. money. Conclusion Overall, findings from this study show that regions associated with reward, cognitive control and emotion may play a role in the brain's response to food and money rewards, independently of how much the child weighs. These findings provide insight into reward sensitivity in children, which may have implications for understanding overeating and the development of obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Food or money? Children's brains respond differently to rewards regardless of weight status

et al. 2018

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“…Acquisition and preprocessing. Our functional and structural MRI methods and statistical approach followed standardized published protocols (Opel et al, 2015;Redlich et al, 2015aRedlich et al, , 2015bRedlich et al, , 2017. Briefly, T2* functional data were acquired with a 3-Tesla scanner (Gyroscan Intera 3T, Philips Medical Systems, Best, NL) using a single-shot echoplanar sequence, with parameters selected to minimize distortion in the region of central interest, while retaining an adequate signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and T2* sensitivity.…”

Section: Functional Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Limbic System in Youth Depression: Brain Structural and Functional Alterations in Adolescent In-patients with Severe Depression

Redlich

Opel

Bürger

et al. 2017

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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Adolescent-onset major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of recurrent depressive episodes, suicidal behaviors, and psychiatric morbidity throughout the lifespan. The objective of the present study was to investigate brain structural and functional changes in adolescent patients with MDD. Furthermore, we aimed to clarify the influence of early-life stress on brain function and structure. The study investigated adolescent patients with severe MDD (n=20, mean age=16.0, range=15-18 years) and a control sample of matched healthy adolescents (n=21, mean age=16.6, range=15-18 years). Functional MRI data were obtained using a face-matching paradigm to investigate emotion processing. Structural MRI data were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). In line with previous studies on adult MDD, adolescent patients showed elevated amygdala activity to negative and reduced amygdala activity to positive emotional stimuli. Furthermore, MDD patients showed smaller hippocampal volumes compared to healthy adolescents. Higher levels of childhood maltreatment were associated with smaller hippocampal volumes in both depressed patients and healthy controls, whereby no associations between amygdala reactivity and childhood maltreatment were found. Our results suggest that hippocampal alterations in youth MDD patients may at least partly be traced back to higher occurrence of early-life adverse experiences. Regarding the strong morphometric impact of childhood maltreatment and its distinctly elevated prevalence in MDD populations, this study provides an alternative explanation for frequently observed limbic structural abnormalities in depressed patients.

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“…Additionally, we conducted analyses of psychophysiological interactions (PPI) to detect possibly altered network connectivity associated with the faces versus shapes condition, as performed previously. 26,32,33 Therefore, the clusters of the DLPFC and OFC yielding significant effects in the preceding fMRI analyses were defined as seed regions. The signal time courses of these seeds were extracted, and the faces versus shapes contrast served as a psychological factor.…”

Section: Second-level Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal brain responsiveness to negative stimuli

Redlich

Grotegerd

Dohm

et al. 2017

JPN

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Enhanced neural responsiveness to reward associated with obesity in the absence of food‐related stimuli

Abstract: Enhanced neural activation in obesity during reward processing seems to be apparent even in the absence of food-related stimuli and, thus, might point to generalized dysfunctions in reward-related brain circuits in obese individuals.

Cited by 50 publications

References 58 publications

Food or money? Children's brains respond differently to rewards regardless of weight status

Food or money? Children's brains respond differently to rewards regardless of weight status

The Limbic System in Youth Depression: Brain Structural and Functional Alterations in Adolescent In-patients with Severe Depression

Prefrontal brain responsiveness to negative stimuli

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