Enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity of iron-containing nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cell application

Ratso, Sander; Kruusenberg, Ivar; Sarapuu, Ave; Rauwel, Protima; Saar, Rando; Joost, Urmas; Aruväli, Jaan; Kanninen, Petri; Kallio, Tanja; Tammeveski, Kaido

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.069

Cited by 86 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Similarly, Ratso et al. prepared the M−N‐CNT (M=Fe and Co) materials by using dicyandiamide as the N precursor ,. Recently, Qiao's group synthesized a novel Co−N−C material, where Co atoms were adsorbed on the surface of graphitic carbon nitride ( g ‐C 3 N 4 ) and coordinated with CNTs .…”

Section: D Metal‐nitrogen‐carbon Materials For the Oxygen Reduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of Electrocatalyst Morphology for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2019

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Proton/anion‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC and AEMFC), generating electricity from the H2 energy with zero‐carbon emission, have become very promising energy conversion devices to meet the increasing energy demand and reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. Currently, platinum (Pt) based materials have proven to be the most efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of the PEMFC and AEMFC. However, the high price and the limited reserve of Pt greatly hinder their industrial applications. Recently, transition metal‐nitrogen‐carbon (M−N−C) based material, as an efficient alternative to replace the precious metal Pt‐based material, has attracted researchers’ attention. Great contributions have been devoted to develop M−N−C based electrocatalysts. This review summarizes recent advances on M−N−C based electrocatalysts used for ORR from the point view of morphology. One‐dimensional (1D), two‐dimensional (2D), three‐dimensional (3D) and multi‐dimensional (MD) M−N−C materials were discussed thoroughly with particular attention on the relationship between the structure and the catalytic activity.

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Section: D Metal‐nitrogen‐carbon Materials For the Oxygen Reduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the N precursor. [80,81] Recently, Qiao's group synthesized a novel CoÀ NÀ C material, where Co atoms were adsorbed on the surface of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) and coordinated with CNTs. [82] The CoÀ C 3 N 4 /CNT has a E 1/2 of 0.85 V measured in 0.1 M KOH.…”

Section: D Metal-nitrogen-carbon Materials For the Oxygen Reduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Electrocatalyst Morphology for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2019

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“…[6,7] The most active of such catalysts are typically based on carbon nanomaterials doped with nitrogen and transition metals (MÀN/C catalysts), [8][9][10][11] as they are relatively stable both chemically and mechanically, highly conductive and can be tailored to have high surface areas. [18] The third method is the direct pyrolysis of a nitrogencontaining polymer or smaller molecule in the presence of transition metals, either with or without [19] additional carbon supports such as carbon nanotubes, [20,21] carbon black, [22,23] graphene [24,25] or composites of multiple sources. This mixture is then pyrolyzed and the substrate along with inactive metal phases is removed by etching in acid mixtures, which allows for control over the porosity and structure by choosing the right substrate and reagents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron and Nitrogen Co‐doped Carbide‐Derived Carbon and Carbon Nanotube Composite Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2018

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Replacing Pt-based catalysts with noble-metal free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the most important topics currently in electrocatalysis. Iron-and nitrogen-doped carbon materials have shown great promise in this area. In this work, we demonstrate the remarkable electrocatalytic activity towards the ORR of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite catalysts. The CDC material is synthesized from titanium carbide and doped using 1,10-phenanthroline and iron (II) acetate. The material is then mixed with MWCNTs and further modified with dicyandiamide (DCDA) and additional iron by using a multi-step pyrolysis procedure. The morphology, structure, porosity, and elemental composition are then comprehensively studied with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N 2 physisorption, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts for the ORR is studied using the rotating disk electrode method and in a single-cell anion exchange membrane fuel cell using the Tokuyama A201 membrane.

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“…The cost, which is triggered by the exclusive use of noble metal catalysts (predominantly platinum and its alloys) particularly at the cathode side due to low reaction rates and high overpotential of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), is considered as the primary hurdle for fuel cells commercialization. [4,6,7,12,25] Among numerous types of NPMCs, transition metal-based nitrogendoped carbon (MÀN/C) catalysts for ORR, obtained through heat treatment of either iron and cobalt N 4 -macrocyclic metal complexes, [34][35][36][37] or simple precursor composites consisting of metal salts, a nitrogen source, and a carbon precursor, [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] have been extensively studied in recent years. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Therefore, exploring low-cost and efficient alternative catalysts for ORR is highly demanded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Diversity of Nickel Phosphides in Oxygen Reduction Catalysis

Razmjooei

Pak

2018

ChemElectroChem

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Motivated by the challenge to find a low-cost catalyst with high activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), transition metal phosphides (TMPs) appear to be one of the most burgeoning alternatives to noble metal based electrocatalysts. In addition to the low cost, TMPs have numerous interesting features such as high conductivity and chemical stability. Since, the catalytic activity of TMPs is highly dependent on the metal/phosphorous ratio, herein, we report the investigation of nickel-phosphide/ carbon composites of different stoichiometries (Ni x P y /C) with tractable nickel phosphide phases as promising electrocatalyst for ORR under alkaline and acidic conditions. The Ni x P y /C composites are obtained by carbonization of a Ni-struvite (NiNH 4 PO 4 · H 2 O) coated phenol-formaldehyde resin at different temperatures, resulting in variations of the formed Ni x P y phases. As expected, it is found that the electrocatalytic ORR performance of the Ni x P y /C composites highly depends on the predominant phase of nickel phosphide formed. The highest catalytic activity for ORR in alkaline as well as acidic media was found for the Ni x P y /C composite with the highest proportion of Ni 2 P as a predominant phase, obtained at 800 8C. For composites with NiP 2 and Ni 12 P 5 as the predominant phase, obtained at lower and higher temperatures, respectively, a lower catalytic activity was found.

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Enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity of iron-containing nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cell application

Cited by 86 publications

References 74 publications

Importance of Electrocatalyst Morphology for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Importance of Electrocatalyst Morphology for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Iron and Nitrogen Co‐doped Carbide‐Derived Carbon and Carbon Nanotube Composite Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Phase Diversity of Nickel Phosphides in Oxygen Reduction Catalysis

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