Enhanced solar cell performance by optimization of spray coated CZTS thin film using Taguchi and response surface method

Patel, Siddhant B.; Gohel, Jignasa V.

doi:10.1007/s10854-018-8530-5

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Taguchi approach with L9 orthogonal array along with response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing Cu/(Zn + Sn), Zn/Sn ratios, spray time, and substrate temperature in terms of band gap and efficiency by Patel and Gohel . A mixture of isopropyl alcohol and water in the ratio of 3:1 was used to dissolve copper chloride, zinc acetate, tin chloride, and thiourea with few drops of monoethanolamine as a stabilizer.…”

Section: Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

et al. 2019

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Summary The progress of solar cell technology in the development of clean and economic quaternary compound copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS)‐based absorber thin films using the spray pyrolysis technique are presented in this review. CZTS (Cu2ZnSnS4) is the only potential competitor for the existing solar thin film absorbing materials owing to its environment‐friendly Earth abundant constituents. Even though different nonvacuum thin film technologies have been developed for the large area fabrication of this nontoxic absorber material, spray pyrolysis technique offers more versatility in changing the process parameters which has a direct impact on the cell efficiency. It can be used for depositing a wide variety of materials even with complex composition with good crystallinity, and the method has the advantage of being flexible and straightforward to design and can be quickly adopted for extensive area deposition. A survey on the effects of experimental conditions as well as the nature of precursors on the structural, morphological, electrical, and optical properties on the spray pyrolyzed CZTS thin films is discussed in detail. This analysis certainly could provide a potential to obtain new insights in the fabrication of high‐efficiency CZTS‐based solar cells and to launch it into the commercial market to satisfy the ever‐growing future energy demand.

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Section: Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

et al. 2019

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“…RSM is widely used to examine and optimize input variables for experiment design and model development by mapping a response surface over a particular region of interest and identifying the optimum conditions required to achieve target specifications. ANN may be used to complement RSM when studying complex systems [31,32,33]. One major drawback of RSM based methods is that they limit the number of experiments by eliminating runs in undesirable experimental domains.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Artificial Neural Network Approach to Predict the Effects of Formulation and Process Variables on Prednisone Release from a Multipartite System

2019

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The impact of formulation and process variables on the in-vitro release of prednisone from a multiple-unit pellet system was investigated. Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to generate multivariate experiments. The extrusion-spheronization method was used to produce pellets and dissolution studies were performed using United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) Apparatus 2 as described in USP XXIV. Analysis of dissolution test samples was performed using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method. Four formulation and process variables viz., microcrystalline cellulose concentration, sodium starch glycolate concentration, spheronization time and extrusion speed were investigated and drug release, aspect ratio and yield were monitored for the trained artificial neural networks (ANN). To achieve accurate prediction, data generated from experimentation were used to train a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) using back propagation (BP) and the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) 57 training algorithm until a satisfactory value of root mean square error (RMSE) was observed. The study revealed that the in-vitro release profile of prednisone was significantly impacted by microcrystalline cellulose concentration and sodium starch glycolate concentration. Increasing microcrystalline cellulose concentration retarded dissolution rate whereas increasing sodium starch glycolate concentration improved dissolution rate. Spheronization time and extrusion speed had minimal impact on prednisone release but had a significant impact on extrudate and pellet quality. This work demonstrated that RSM can be successfully used concurrently with ANN for dosage form manufacture to permit the exploration of experimental regions that are omitted when using RSM alone.

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“…Nitsche et al report the first study about the synthesis of CZTS compound using iodine vapor transport method [18]. Different attempt was conducted to synthesize CZTS thin layers using several methods such as thermal evaporation, atomic layer deposition, sol gel, radio frequency magnetron sputtering and spray method [19] [20] [21] [22] [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallochemical Characterizations, Raman Spectroscopy and Studies Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of Cu<sub>2</sub>Zn(Sn, Si)S<sub>4 </sub> Compounds for Photovoltaic Applications

Hamdi¹,

Benamira²

2022

MSCE

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In this study, Si-doped Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 compounds (Cu 2 ZnSn 1-x Si x S 4 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were prepared by solid state reaction method for use of materials for photovoltaic cells. The structural and spectroscopic properties of the as-prepared compounds were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), 119 Sn, 29 Si and 65 Cu Magic Angle Spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) and Raman spectroscopy. The Si-substitution in the Sn-site induces three different types of XRD patterns which depend largely on the Si content in the compound. For 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5, XRD analysis reveals the presence of a pure tetragonal phase of solid solution with I-42m as a space group. Mixed tetragonal and orthorhombic phases were observed for 0.5 < x < 0.8, followed by a pure orthorhombic structure with a space group Pmn2 1 at high content of Si (x ≥ 0.8). 119 Sn MAS NMR spectra show the presence of Sn/Si disorder as a function of the Si content. The 65 Cu MAS NMR spectra of the quadratic solid solution confirm the presence of the two copper sites (Cu-2a and Cu-2c) at 780 ppm while in the case of the orthorhombic solid solution samples, a very broad band is observed. The optical properties were investigated of all compounds by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance and the obtained optical band gap values (1.31 to 2.43 eV) confirm a semiconductor character.

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Enhanced solar cell performance by optimization of spray coated CZTS thin film using Taguchi and response surface method

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

An Artificial Neural Network Approach to Predict the Effects of Formulation and Process Variables on Prednisone Release from a Multipartite System

Crystallochemical Characterizations, Raman Spectroscopy and Studies Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of Cu<sub>2</sub>Zn(Sn, Si)S<sub>4 </sub> Compounds for Photovoltaic Applications

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Enhanced solar cell performance by optimization of spray coated CZTS thin film using Taguchi and response surface method

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 chalcogenide absorber thin film

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 chalcogenide absorber thin film

An Artificial Neural Network Approach to Predict the Effects of Formulation and Process Variables on Prednisone Release from a Multipartite System

Crystallochemical Characterizations, Raman Spectroscopy and Studies Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Zn(Sn, Si)S&lt;sub&gt;4 &lt;/sub&gt; Compounds for Photovoltaic Applications

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A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

Crystallochemical Characterizations, Raman Spectroscopy and Studies Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of Cu<sub>2</sub>Zn(Sn, Si)S<sub>4 </sub> Compounds for Photovoltaic Applications