Enhanced specific heat and thermal conductivity of ternary carbonate nanofluids with carbon nanotubes for solar power applications

Sang, Lixia; Ai, Wenming; Wu, Yuting; Ma, Chongfang

doi:10.1002/er.4923

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…According to the trend lines, it is obvious that the dispersion of Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets into the IL+ water solution causes the increase of specific heat of the solution which could be ascribed to the high specific surface energy of 2D Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets. Similar trends were noticed from previous studies for trinary carbonate/CNT nanofluids [ 75 ], molten salt/SiO 2 [ 76 ]. Furthermore, the specific heat is found to rise with increasing temperature for each sample.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Improved Thermophysical Properties and Energy Efficiency of Aqueous Ionic Liquid/MXene Nanofluid in a Hybrid PV/T Solar System

et al. 2020

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In recent years, solar energy technologies have developed an emerging edge. The incessant research to develop a power source alternative to fossil fuel because of its scarcity and detrimental effects on the environment is the main driving force. In addition, nanofluids have gained immense interest as superior heat transfer fluid in solar technologies for the last decades. In this research, a binary solution of ionic liquid (IL) + water based ionanofluids is formulated successfully with two dimensional MXene (Ti3C2) nano additives at three distinct concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 wt % and the optimum concentration is used to check the performance of a hybrid solar PV/T system. The layered structure of MXene and high absorbance of prepared nanofluids have been perceived by SEM and UV–vis respectively. Rheometer and DSC are used to assess the viscosity and heat capacity respectively while transient hot wire technique is engaged for thermal conductivity measurement. A maximum improvement of 47% in thermal conductivity is observed for 0.20 wt % loading of MXene. Furthermore, the viscosity is found to rise insignificantly with addition of Ti3C2 by different concentrations. Conversely, viscosity decreases substantially as the temperature increases from 20 °C to 60 °C. However, based on their thermophysical properties, 0.20 wt % is found to be the optimum concentration. A comparative analysis in terms of heat transfer performance with three different nanofluids in PV/T system shows that, IL+ water/MXene ionanofluid exhibits highest thermal, electrical, and overall heat transfer efficiency compared to water/alumina, palm oil/MXene, and water alone. Maximum electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency are recorded as 13.95% and 81.15% respectively using IL + water/MXene, besides that, heat transfer coefficients are also noticed to increase by 12.6% and 2% when compared to water/alumina and palm oil/MXene respectively. In conclusion, it can be demonstrated that MXene dispersed ionanofluid might be great a prospect in the field of heat transfer applications since they can augment the heat transfer rate considerably which improves system efficiency.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Improved Thermophysical Properties and Energy Efficiency of Aqueous Ionic Liquid/MXene Nanofluid in a Hybrid PV/T Solar System

et al. 2020

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“…Hu et al 7,21 However, the thermophysical properties of MSBNFs cannot be well predicted by the equilibrium theory because the enhancement mechanisms for nanofluids are very complex. 22,25 Shin et al 15 first proposed three models affecting the SHC of MSBNFs as follows: (a) the high surface energy of nanoparticle; (b) interfacial interactions between nanoparticle and the adhering liquid molecules; (c) the semi-solid liquid layer adhering to the nanoparticles. In recent research, Shin et al 14,16,26 pointed out that the nanostructure between nanoparticle and molten salt changed the structure of the base molten salt, which was used to explain the enhancements in the thermophysical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interface layer on the thermophysical properties of solar salt‐SiO ₂ nanofluids: A molecular dynamics simulation

Rao

Wang

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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The microstructure and behaviors of the interface layer around the nanoparticle are strongly related to the overall thermophysical properties of molten salt-based nanofluids (MSBNFs). Understanding this link may enable the advanced heat transfer fluid (HTF) for concentrated solar power and other applications. In this study, a molecular dynamics (MD) model for solar salt (60 wt% NaNO 3 /40 wt% KNO 3 )-SiO 2 nanofluid system is developed to estimate the characteristics of the interface layer and their effects on the overall specific heat capacity (SHC) and effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of MSBNFs. The results show that the SHC and thermal conductivity (TC) of the interface layer in MSBNFs are, respectively, 1.44-1.85 and 1.05-1.97 times higher than those of pure solar salt. The SHC of the interface layer has a significant effect on the overall SHC of the MSBNFs, but the interface layer is not the dominant influencing factor for the ETC enhancement of MSBNFs and thus has less effect on the overall ETC.

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“…However, the redundant nanoparticles (2 wt%) unfavorably affected the specific heat of the salt mixture, decreasing it by 5.7%. 7 In addition, various molten salt mixtures, that is, a binary nitrate salt (NaNO 3 -KNO 3 ), [8][9][10][11][12][13] binary carbonate salt (Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 ), [14][15][16][17] ternary nitrate salt (LiNO 3 -NaNO 3 -KNO 3 ), 18,19 ternary carbonate salt (Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 ), 20,21 quaternary nitrate salt (NaNO 3 -KNO 3 -LiNO 3 -Ca[NO 3 ] 2 ), 22 and binary chloride salt (NaCl-CaCl 2 ), 23 were employed to examine the effects of material, size, concentration, and dispersion homogeneity of nanoparticles on the specific heat behaviors. In most of these studies, the specific heat values of the molten salt nanofluids were increased irrespective of the nanoparticles used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal energy storage characteristics of binary molten salt nanofluids: Specific heat and latent heat

Lee

2020

Int J Energy Res

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Summary This study aims to examine the thermal energy storage characteristics, in terms of specific heat and latent heat, of nanoparticle‐doped binary molten salt nanofluids. Two different binary molten salt mixtures, namely carbonate salts (Li2CO3 and K2CO3) and nitrate salts (NaNO3 and KNO3), were used as base solvents. Graphite nanoparticles were dispersed into the salt mixtures. The chemical compositions (molar fractions) of the two salt components were varied from hypoeutectic to hypereutectic, including eutectic compositions, to investigate their effects on the specific heat and latent heat of both the pure salts and their nanofluids. The specific heat of the carbonate salt nanofluid was enhanced, irrespective of the chemical composition, and the enhancement was proportional to the nanoparticle concentration. However, the specific heat of the nitrate salt nanofluid was decreased by the addition of 0.1 wt% of graphite nanoparticles and increased by the addition of a larger amount of 1 wt%. The latent heat of the nanofluids was enhanced by doping nanoparticles into the salt mixtures and was affected by the chemical composition of the solvent salt mixtures. The distinct behaviors of specific heat and latent heat obtained in this study were discussed based on a compressed liquid (solid‐like) layer formed near the nanoparticles. The thermal energy storage capacities of the nanofluids were estimated and compared by using their specific heat and latent heat.

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Enhanced specific heat and thermal conductivity of ternary carbonate nanofluids with carbon nanotubes for solar power applications

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Improved Thermophysical Properties and Energy Efficiency of Aqueous Ionic Liquid/MXene Nanofluid in a Hybrid PV/T Solar System

Improved Thermophysical Properties and Energy Efficiency of Aqueous Ionic Liquid/MXene Nanofluid in a Hybrid PV/T Solar System

Effects of interface layer on the thermophysical properties of solar salt‐SiO ₂ nanofluids: A molecular dynamics simulation

Thermal energy storage characteristics of binary molten salt nanofluids: Specific heat and latent heat

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Enhanced specific heat and thermal conductivity of ternary carbonate nanofluids with carbon nanotubes for solar power applications

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Improved Thermophysical Properties and Energy Efficiency of Aqueous Ionic Liquid/MXene Nanofluid in a Hybrid PV/T Solar System

Improved Thermophysical Properties and Energy Efficiency of Aqueous Ionic Liquid/MXene Nanofluid in a Hybrid PV/T Solar System

Effects of interface layer on the thermophysical properties of solar salt‐SiO 2 nanofluids: A molecular dynamics simulation

Thermal energy storage characteristics of binary molten salt nanofluids: Specific heat and latent heat

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Effects of interface layer on the thermophysical properties of solar salt‐SiO ₂ nanofluids: A molecular dynamics simulation