Enhanced Surveillance of Campylobacter Infection in the North West of England 1997–1999

Sopwith, Will; Ashton, M.; Frost, J. A.; Tocque, Karen; O’Brien, Sarah J.; Regan, Martyn; Syed, Qutub

doi:10.1053/jinf.2002.1072

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Campylobacters have also been isolated frequently from asymptomatic companion animals, with symptoms of enteritis frequently reported in younger animals [56]. Transmission of campylobacters from pets to humans has been confirmed in previous case studies and identified as a potential risk factor in epidemiological investigations, particularly young children in contact with puppies exhibiting enteritic symptoms [158].…”

Section: Campylobacters and Other Food Animalsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Campylobacter

et al. 2005

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-Species within the genus, Campylobacter, have emerged over the last three decades as significant clinical pathogens, particularly of human public health concern, where the majority of acute bacterial enteritis in the Western world is due to these organisms. Of particular concern are the species, C. jejuni and C. coli, which are responsible for most of these gastrointestinal-related infections. Although these organisms have already emerged as causative agents of zoonoses, several aspects of their epidemiology and pathophysiology are only beginning to emerge. Trends in increasing antibiotic resistance are beginning to emerge with oral antibiotics, which may be the drug of choice for when it is necessary to intervene chemotherapeutically. This review wishes to examine (i) emerging clinical aspects of the disease, such as Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS), (ii) the association between these organisms and poultry as a natural host, (iii) environmental aspects of Campylobacter epidemiology, (iv) the emergence of atypical campylobacters (v) emerging trends in antibiotic resistance, (vi) adoption of modern methods for the detection of campylobacters.

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Section: Campylobacters and Other Food Animalsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Campylobacter

et al. 2005

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“…However, water and raw milk were the predominant nonhuman sources of the remaining CCs, suggesting that sporadic C. jejuni infections in humans may frequently arise from sources other than chickens. Population-based studies, such as the study of Sopwith et al (41), are needed to better define the role of the additional sources and the influences of seasonal and regional factors (28). We have recently initiated a 3-year study across the Eastern Townships to correlate the genotypes of the Campylobacter isolates from clinical and other sources with geographic and temporal factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Sequence Typing of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Humans, Chickens, Raw Milk, and Environmental Water in Quebec, Canada

et al. 2008

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Molecular strain typing is essential for deciphering the epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections. We applied two different methods, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and analysis of the flaA short variable repeat (SVR), to 289 isolates (163 human, 56 chicken, 34 raw milk, and 36 environmental water isolates) collected in the province of Québec, Canada, over 3 years; in addition, the analysis included the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing results for a subset of 131 isolates studied previously. MLST defined 96 sequence types (STs) and 20 clonal complexes (CCs), including 49 STs (73 isolates, 25%) and 39 alleles not previously documented in an international database. The frequency of new STs was significantly higher among water isolates than among isolates from other sources (18/36 [50%] and 55/253 [22%], respectively; P < 0.001). Nine of the 10 most prevalent CCs included isolates from humans and at least one other source; five CCs comprised exclusively or mostly human and chicken isolates. However, water and milk were the predominant nonhuman sources among the remaining CCs, suggesting that sporadic C. jejuni infections in humans may frequently arise from sources other than chickens. All three typing systems were discriminatory (discriminatory index > 0.9). Among 131 isolates analyzed by PFGE, each of the 20 types represented by two or more isolates corresponded to a single CC. In contrast, among the 14 most prevalent types detected by analysis of the flaA SVR (5 to 27 isolates each), 8 (57%) included isolates that represented multiple different CCs. The basis for these discordant results was uncertain. Antimicrobial resistance was randomly distributed among the CCs and appeared to be more closely related to the source of an isolate than its genotype. Although MLST is labor-intensive and expensive, it remains the single best method for the genotyping of C. jejuni isolates and deciphering the epidemiologic relationships among isolates.

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“…Since that time, however, the importance of Campylobacter coli in disease attribution has become more widely recognized (Gillespie, 2002). Case-control studies have increasingly sought to differentiate between Campylobacter species (Gillespie, 2002;Sopwith, 2003) pointing to higher rates of C. coli infection than previously presumed (Gürtler, 2005). To address possible underreporting of campylobacteriosis, current research is focusing on isolating additional species of Campylobacter which act as human gastrointestinal pathogens (Lastovica, 2000;Fernandez, 2002).…”

Section: Genus and Species Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incidence (Sopwith et al, 2003), and in late June/early July in Scotland, with this increase evident in more rural or semi-rural areas than urban ones (Miller et al, 2004;Humphrey, 2007). Nichols (2005) found an annual increase in Campylobacter infection in England and Wales starting in May and peaking in early June (Nichols, 2005).…”

Section: Seasonalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Rurality, Broiler Operations, and Community Socioeconomic Factors on the Risk of Campylobacteriosis in Maryland

Pasturel¹,

Cruz‐Cano²,

Goldstein³

et al. 2013

Am J Public Health

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The combined impact of community-level environmental and socioeconomic factors on the risk of campylobacteriosis were evaluated.Campylobacter case data (2002-2010, n=3,694) In zip codes that were 100% rural, incidence rates of campylobacteriosis were 6 times (IRR=6.18; 95%CI=3.19-11.97) that of urban zip codes. In zip codes with broiler chicken operations, incidence rates were 1.45 times that of zip codes without broilers (IRR=1.45, 95%CI=1.34-1.58). Higher rates were also observed for zip codes that were predominantly white and had high median incomes. For my daughters, whose cheerful patience and boundless appreciation have shown me the wisdom that endurance can reveal.Fall down seven times, stand up eight.iii

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Enhanced Surveillance of Campylobacter Infection in the North West of England 1997–1999

Cited by 47 publications

References 40 publications

Campylobacter

Campylobacter

Multilocus Sequence Typing of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Humans, Chickens, Raw Milk, and Environmental Water in Quebec, Canada

Impact of Rurality, Broiler Operations, and Community Socioeconomic Factors on the Risk of Campylobacteriosis in Maryland

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