Enhanced UV Protection, Heavy Metal Detection, and Antibacterial Properties of Biomass-Derived Carbon Dots Coated on Protective Fabrics

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) were simply prepared from charcoal by hydrothermal processing at 180 °C for 15 h without any chemicals. The as-prepared CDs with an average diameter of 5 ± 6 nm exhibited a predominant absorption peak at 290 nm, corresponding to the n to π* transition of the oxygen functional groups (C�O) and the free amine functional groups (−NH 2 ). The resulting CDs were then incorporated into cotton and polyester by facile ultrasonication for 1 h. The obtained CDcoated fabrics were first evaluated for their UV-blocking capability and then for their antibacterial properties against two model pathogens: Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus. Both cotton and polyester showed no UV protection at 280 or 380 nm; conversely, cotton or polyester decorated with CDs exhibited a UV blocking ratio of 82−98%. The CD-coated fabrics showed 100% antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus, whereas the pristine fabrics showed no effect. The CDs/fabrics could adsorb Hg 2+ and Fe 3+ , resulting in a drastic fluorescence quenching. As such, this distinct feature was exploited for the removal and detection of these two ions with the limits of detection of 55and 72 μM, respectively.

Anti-Ultraviolet Biobased Polyesters Synthesized by Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polymerization

“…Surprisingly, PHF - UFSP 10 / SiO 2 and P ( HF - alt - IBA )- UFSP 10 / SiO 2 showed excellent anti-UV performance with very high UPF values of 239.1 and 251.1, respectively (Figure c). As shown in Figure d, the modified ADMET polyesters represented distinctly superior anti-UV performance on comparing T UVA , T UVB , and UPF values of the reported biobased materials. − …”

Engineering Sizable and Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Fabrics through Hydrogen Bonding Interaction and Electrostatic Interaction

“…To endow textiles with antibacterial properties, the functionalization of fabrics with antimicrobial agents has been widely employed . Chemical disinfectants such as quaternary ammonium compounds, N-halamines, and triclosan serve as common antimicrobial agents for constructing antibacterial fabrics, and chitosan and plant extracts as natural antibacterial agents have also been incorporated into fabrics, creating antibacterial fabrics. − In addition, nanoantibacterial agents such as precious metals, metal oxides, photosensitizers, carbon dots, graphene, and guanidine have been used in antibacterial fabrics. − The use of chemical disinfectants can have adverse side effects on humans and the environment. Additionally, natural antibacterial agents may exhibit instability, and the high price and limited production yields associated with metal antibacterial agents restrict their widespread use in the large-scale production of antibacterial fabrics .…”

π-Conjugated Structure Enhances the UV Absorption Performance of Carbon Dots and Application in the Design of Light-Colored Sunglasses

“…16 Arulapan et al applied CDs synthesized from date fruit wastes to fabrics, and the UPF (ultraviolet protection factor of fabric) value of fabrics coated with CDs could reach 32.06. 25 Kim et al successfully prepared CNDs and CNDs-PVA film by using Lethesia difformis. CNDs can block >99% of UVA, while CNDs-PVA have a visible light transmittance of >84% and effectively block >60% of UVA/B and >30% of UVC.…”

“…Xu et al synthesized CQDs through acorn cups and combined them with chitosan (CS) to enable PVA film to absorb UVA . Arulapan et al applied CDs synthesized from date fruit wastes to fabrics, and the UPF (ultraviolet protection factor of fabric) value of fabrics coated with CDs could reach 32.06 . Kim et al successfully prepared CNDs and CNDs-PVA film by using Lethesia difformis.…”