Enhanced Water Dispersibility of Coenzyme Q₁₀ by Complexation with Albumin Hydrolysate

Abstract

The biologically important coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is widely used as a drug for chronic heart failure, as a nutritional supplement, and in cosmetics. However, the oral bioavailability of CoQ10 is poor due to its extremely low solubility in aqueous media. In this study, complexation of CoQ10 with albumin hydrolysate as a peptide mixture (Pep) was shown to enhance the water dispersibility of CoQ10. An aqueous solution of Pep and an acetone solution of CoQ10 were mixed and lyophilized to obtain a white-yellow powder containing peptides and CoQ10 complex (Q10-Pep). The water dispersibility of Q10-Pep was much higher than that of CoQ10 alone and increased with the quantity of Pep. The particle size of Q10-Pep in aqueous media was 170-280 nm, suggesting that Q10-Pep was present as a hydrocolloidal material. Characterization of Q10-Pep using differential scanning calorimetry showed that CoQ10 was incorporated in the hydrocolloid in an amorphous state.

Water Solubility of Complexes between a Peptide Mixture and Poorly Water-Soluble Ionic and Nonionic Drugs

“…The complex between coenzyme Q 10 and albumin hydrolysate was present as a hydrocolloidal material and the particle size in aqueous media was 170-280 nm Matsushita et al 2013;Oshima et al 2013). The complex between Ptx and Pep was also present as a hydrocolloidal material and the particle size in aqueous media was 150-220 nm Matsushita et al, 2013;Oshima et al, 2013). These results indicate that complexes between poorly water-soluble ingredients and peptide mixtures would be water-soluble or water-dispersible (if not water-soluble).…”

“…The filtrates were successively filtered using a 0.45 µm membrane filter and a 0.20 µm membrane filter to obtain fractions F3 and F4, respectively. Furthermore, the fractions F4 were ultrafiltered using UF membranes with MWCOs of 200,000, 50,000, or 10,000 gmol −1 to obtain fractions F5, F6, and F7, respectively Matsushita et al, 2013;. The concentrations of Indo, Ibu and Pre in fractions F1-F7 were determined as described in Section 1.3.…”

“…These results indicate that complexes between poorly water-soluble ingredients and peptide mixtures would be water-soluble or water-dispersible (if not water-soluble). Additionally, the water solubility or water dispersibility of complexes with Indo and coenzyme Q 10 depended on the pH Matsushita et al, 2013;Oshima et al, 2013), while the water dispersibility of complexes with Ptx was independent of the pH Matsushita et al, 2013;Oshima et al, 2013).…”

“…Recently, the authors developed peptide mixtures as novel excipients for poorly water-soluble ingredients Matsushita et al, 2013;Oshima et al, 2013). The water solubility of Indo was enhanced by complexation with a peptide mixture (abbreviated as Pep) prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of milk casein.…”

“…Furthermore, the water dispersibility of coenzyme Q 10 and Ptx was improved by complexation with protein hydrolysates. The complex between coenzyme Q 10 and albumin hydrolysate was present as a hydrocolloidal material and the particle size in aqueous media was 170-280 nm Matsushita et al 2013;Oshima et al 2013). The complex between Ptx and Pep was also present as a hydrocolloidal material and the particle size in aqueous media was 150-220 nm Matsushita et al, 2013;Oshima et al, 2013).…”