Enhancement of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of PEP-1-FK506 Binding Protein by Silk Fibroin Peptide

Abstract

Silk fibroin (SF) peptide has been traditionally used as a treatment for flatulence, spasms, and phlegm. In this study, we examined whether SF peptide enhanced the antiinflammatory effect of PEP-1-FK506 binding protein (PEP-1-FK506BP) through comparing the anti-inflammatory activities of SF peptide and/or PEP-1-FK506BP. In the presence or absence of SF peptide, transduction levels of PEP-1-FK506BP into HaCaT cells and mice skin and anti-inflammatory activities of PEP-1-FK506BP were identified by Western blot and histological analyses. SF peptide alone effectively reduced both mice ear edema and the elevated levels of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6 and-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, showing similar anti-inflammatory effect to that of PEP-1-FK506BP. Furthermore, co-treatment with SF peptide and PEP-1-FK506BP exhibited more enhanced anti-inflammatory effects than the samples treated with SF peptides or PEP-1-FK506BP alone, suggesting the possibility that SF peptide and PEP-1-FK506BP might interact with each other. Moreover, the transduction data demonstrated that SF peptide did not affect the transduction of PEP-1-FK506BP into HaCaT cells and mice skin, indicating that the improvement of anti-inflammatory effect of PEP-1-FK506BP was not caused by enhanced transduction of PEP-1-FK506BP. Thus, these results suggest the possibility that co-treatment with SF peptide and PEP-1-FK506BP may be exploited as a useful therapy for various inflammationrelated diseases.

Effect of aqueous and particulate silk fibroin in a rat model of experimental colitis

“…The same research group also reported that SF peptides effectively reduced both mice ear edema and the elevated levels of COX-2, showing similar anti-inflammatory effect to that of the immunophilin derivative PEP-1-FK506BP (Kim et al, 2011b). Furthermore, co-treatment with SF peptides and PEP-1-FK506BP produced higher anti-inflammatory effects than the samples treated with SF peptides or PEP-1-FK506BP alone, suggesting a synergistic effect between SF peptide and PEP-1-FK506BP (Kim et al, 2012). In addition to its immunomodulatory properties, SF has been reported to exert beneficial effects on wound healing in vivo (Kimura et al, 2007).…”

Silk fibroin nanoparticles constitute a vector for controlled release of resveratrol in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease in rats

“…It is important to note that the FNPs cannot be considered as an inert carrier in experimental colitis since they had an intestinal anti-inflammatory effect, thus confirming previous observations with this biomaterial, both in vivo and in vitro. 16,18 The synergistic effect obtained in the RL-FNPs was evidenced macroscopically since the lowest damage score was obtained in this group of colitic rats. It is noteworthy that the intestinal anti-inflammatory effects were related to the better recovery of the colonic tissue produced by the treatments in comparison with the colitic control; this ruled out a preventative effect of the treatments since the administration of the different test compounds only started once the damage had been induced.…”

“…11 Kim et al also reported the anti-inflammatory activity of fibroin peptides in a mice edema model of inflammation. 16 These effects were associated with the decrease of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the inflamed tissue. In addition, silk fibroin has also shown beneficial effects on wound healing in vivo, 17 through upregulation and phosphorylation of c-Jun, a protein responsible for the migration of keratinocytes in wound healing models.…”

Silk Peptide Intake Increases Fat Oxidation at Rest in Exercised Mice

“…Many studies regarding the health benefits of SP intake have been reported (8)(9)(10)(11). SP not only regulate blood glucose level and hyperlipidemia and but also decrease blood triglycerides and LDL cholesterol (12,13).…”