Enhancement of eurycomanone biosynthesis in cell culture of longjack (Eurycoma longifolia) by elicitor treatment

Abstract

In this study, the effect of elicitors such as yeast extract (YE), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA) on the accumulation of eurycomanone in Eurycoma longifolia cell cultures were investigated. Suspension cells of E. longifolia was cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose, 1.25 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1 mg/L kinetin at a shaking speed of 120 rpm. Elicitors were added in the culture at different concentrations and times to stimulate eurycomanone accumulation in the Eurycoma longifolia cells. Eurycomanone content was determined by HPLC with a C18 column, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, run time of 17.5 min, and a detector wavelength of 254 nm. The stationary phase was silica gel and the mobile phase was acetonitrile: H 2 O. Non-elicited cells were used as the control. The study showed the effect of different elicitor concentrations, YE at 200 mg/L, MeJA at 20 µM and SA at 20 µM stimulated high production of eurycomanone. In which, treatment of 20 µM MeJA after 4 days of culture resulted in the highest accumulation of this compound (17.36 mg/g dry weight), approximately 10-fold higher than that of untreated cells (1.70 mg/g dry weight). This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

A Multifaceted Review of Eurycoma longifolia Nutraceutical Bioactives: Production, Extraction, and Analysis in Drugs and Biofluids

“…a two fold decrease, while the lower dose at 8 mg/L resulted in a 2.6-fold increase, and suggestive of the need to optimize for elicitors dose. Whether the lower induction level of JA compared to MeJA in the study of Nhan and Loc is attributed to MeJA improved cell permeability being less polar then JA is likely to account for such differences, or it is attributed to the different experimental setup. Treatment with 20 and 40 mg/L YE resulted in ca .…”

“…Optimization of cell growth while increasing production of targeted bioactive should thus follow based on these results if it is to be applied at large scale for commercial production. 21 …”

“…These results conclude that best harvest time for eurycomanone from cells post elicitation is from 4 to 6 days, with MeJA being the most effective. 21 …”

“…Optimization of cell growth while increasing production of targeted bioactive should thus follow based on these results if it is to be applied at large scale for commercial production. 21 The elicitation time at these optimal doses of elicitors was used to identify the appropriate harvest times at which maximum eurycomanone production was observed. In the case of 20 μM MeJA, a maximum eurycomanone level of 17.36 mg/ g was achieved on fourth day post elicitation with 20 μM MeJA at ca.…”

“…It has yet to be observed the response of other metabolite classes to be conclusive and the molecular mechanisms underlying such changes. Optimization of cell growth while increasing production of targeted bioactive should thus follow based on these results if it is to be applied at large scale for commercial production …”