Enhancement of removing inclusions from liquid melt film during the ESR process assisted by a static magnetic field

Effect of electromagnetic stirring on metallurgical quality of GCr15 electroslag ingot

“…As long as a small magnetic field is applied in the mold, a large electromagnetic force can be generated, which can stir the slag pool and metal pool. When electromagnetic stirring is not applied, the metal droplet at the tip of the electrode is subjected to three forces [10] : gravity (G), electromagnetic force (R) and interfacial tension (P) between slag and metal. When the resultant force of the electromagnetic force and gravity exceeds the interfacial tension, droplets melt off the tip of the electrode, fall through the slag, and accumulate in a pool on the baseplate to solidify.…”

“…Zhong et al [8] studied the effect of a transverse static magnetic field on microstructure and properties of GCr15 bearing steel in the electroslag continuous casting process, and found that the presence of a static magnetic field was beneficial for microstructure refinement as well as inclusion and harmful elements removal. Guo et al [9][10][11] studied the change of inclusions during the electroslag remelting process assisted by a static magnetic field, and found the kinetic conditions for inclusion removal were enhanced, leading to a decrease in the number and size of inclusions.…”

Influence of Microsegregation on the TiN Inclusions Formation Behavior in a K418 Superalloy during the Continuous Unidirectional Solidification Process

“…Khiavi et al 10) showed that the total content of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen continuously decreased with the increasing refining time or the addition of calcium during vacuum induction refining. Guo et al 11) and Li et al 12) obtained high-purity ingots by applying a transverse static magnetic field (TSMF) during the electroslag remelting (ESR). The thickness of the liquid melting film (LMF) was decreased in the presence of the TSMF, meanwhile the kinetic conditions for inclusion removal were also enhanced.…”

Refinement of Eutectic Carbides in M2 High Speed Steel by Adjusting Magnetic Flux Density During Magnetic Controlled ESR Process

“…The droplet is primarily affected by gravity (G D ), buoyancy (G B ), surface tension force (P D ), electromagnetic tightening force (F E ) and alternating Lorentz force (F L , mainly acting on the droplet neck, green arrows). Guo et al [26] proposed that the value of the F L has a much higher value than G D and other forces, implying its key role in droplet evolution. As the MFD of applied TSMF increased, the alternating F L acted on the droplet neck gradually increased (Figure 5(b)).…”