Enhancement of second harmonic intensity in thermally poled ferroelectric nanocrystallized glasses in the BaO–TiO2–SiO2 system

Morphology and dispersion state of Ba2TiSi2O8 nanocrystals in transparent glass-ceramics and their nanoindentation behavior

“…The glass plates with polished surfaces were heat-treated at temperatures of 750, 760, 770, 780, and 790°C for 1 h in air and cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 1 K/min in an electric furnace. As demonstrated in the previous papers [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], the glass of 40BaO-20TiO 2 -40SiO 2 (mol%) shows the crystallization of fresnoite Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 nanocrystals (i.e., BTS nanocrystals) with diameters of 100 nm through a homogeneous nucleation. The XRD patterns at room temperature for some heat-treated samples prepared in this study are shown in Fig.…”

“…Although there have been many reports on the glass-ceramics containing BTS nanocrystals [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], information on the morphology and dispersion state of BTS nanocrystals is limited [20] heat-treated at 760°C for 1 h indicate the early stage of crystallization of fresnoite Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 in the glass of 40BaO-20TiO 2 -40SiO 2 . That is, even in the glass with the composition corresponding to the fresnoite Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 crystalline phase, not only bulk crystallization but also surface crystallization is taking place at the same time.…”

“…Glass-ceramics based on the BaO-TiO 2 -SiO 2 system have been extensively studied so far [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], because fresnoite Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 (designated here as BTS) crystals exhibit good dielectric and nonlinear optical properties. For instance, Enomoto et al [11] succeeded in fabricating transparent glass-ceramic fibers with BTS nanocrystals showing second harmonic generations (SHGs).…”

Synthesis and characterization of rare-earth doped SrBi2Nb2O9 phase in lithium borate based nanocrystallized glasses

“…Transparent glasses in the composition 16 7 have been taken in molar ratios and were melted in a platinum crucible at 1300 1C for 1 h in an electric furnace. The melts were well shaken intermittently to ensure the homogeneity and to prevent from the formation of air bubbles.…”

“…Various attempts to synthesize glass-ceramic nano/micro composites for a wide range of device applications, which include large area pyroelectric detectors, actuators, frequency doublers, and electro-optic modulators, have been carried out so far. For instance, nanocrystallizations of Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 , Ba 2 TiGe 2 O 8 , Bi 2 VO 5.5 , and Bi 2 WO 6 in glass matrices have been fabricated [7][8][9][10].…”