Enhancing electrical conductivity of rubber composites by constructing interconnected network of self-assembled graphene with latex mixing

Zhan, Yanhu; Lavorgna, Marino; Buonocore, Giovanna G.; Xia, Hesheng

doi:10.1039/c2jm31293j

Cited by 269 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The samples were immersed in HI acid for 2 and 12 h. For the 0.5% r-GO/NR nanocomposite, the volumetric electrical conductivity was too low to be detected by the meter after 2 hours of reduction in HI acid, but for the nanocomposites with higher contents of GO, the longer immersion time did not achieve higher conductivity, indicating that the HI acid was able to efficiently reduce GO into graphene in 2 h. The nanocomposites exhibited significantly improved electrical conductivity with increasing r-GO content. The electrical conductivity of 5% r-GO/NR nanocomposite reached as high as 1 S/m, which is comparable with the value reported by Zhan et al [22] for their samples. The formation of the segregated "weblike" morphology with r-GO being the shell layers should be addressed for the significantly enhanced electrical conductivity.…”

Section: Electrical Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Reinforced natural rubber nanocomposites using graphene oxide as a reinforcing agent and their in situ reduction into highly conductive materials

Zhang

Zhai²,

Dan

et al. 2016

Polymer Composites

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In this study, a new method of fabricating conductive NR nanocomposites was proposed. Graphene oxide (GO) was obtained through oxidization and exfoliation of graphite and was employed as a reinforcing nanofiller for natural rubber (NR). GO/NR nanocomposites with different concentrations of GO were prepared by a latex mixing and casting method. The nanocomposites were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and TEM, and the thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated by TGA, DSC, tensile testing, and DMA. The results showed that the nanocomposite showed a segregated "weblike" morphology. The addition of GO slightly decreased the glass transition temperature of NR and improved the thermal stability of the material. The tensile strength and storage modulus of the nanocomposites significantly increased with the GO contents, indicating GO had a strong reinforcing tendency on NR. The electrically conductive reduced graphene oxide (r-GO)/NR nanocomposites were obtained by immersing GO/NR nanocomposites in a hydroiodic (HI) acid aqueous solution for reduction. HI acid can efficiently reduce the GO into graphene in 2 h at 608C. The volumetric electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites increased with the r-GO contents, and the conductivity of the 5% r-GO/NR nanocomposite was as high as 1 S/m, which showed its promising application as stretchable electrical conductors and elastomers.

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Section: Electrical Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Reinforced natural rubber nanocomposites using graphene oxide as a reinforcing agent and their in situ reduction into highly conductive materials

Zhang

Zhai²,

Dan

et al. 2016

Polymer Composites

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“…However, there is no generally accepted definition of the term "latex technology". Some confusion about the meaning of this term has ensued with surfactant-free systems also being considered [29, [71][72][73]. To avoid arbitrary distinctions with other latex-based methods [29,53,71], the term "latex technology"…”

Section: Surfactant and Latex Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-philic surfactants for nanocomposites in latex technology

Mohamed

Ardyani

Bakar

et al. 2016

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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Graphene is the newest member of the carbon family, and has revolutionized materials science especially in the field of polymer nanocomposites. However, agglomeration and uniform dispersion remains an Achilles" heel (even an elephant in the room), hampering the optimization of this material for practical applications. Chemical functionalization of graphene can overcome these hurdles but is often rather disruptive to the extended piconjugation, altering the desired physical and electronic properties. Employing surfactants as stabilizing agents in latex technology circumvents the need for chemical modification allowing for the formation of nanocomposites with retained graphene properties. This article reviews the recent progress in the use of surfactants and polymers to prepare graphene/polymer nanocomposites via latex technology. Of special interest here are surfactant structure-performance relationships, as well as background on the roles surfactantgraphene interactions for promoting stabilization.

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“…NR composites containing 1.76 wt% CNTs or GE were prepared through the previous route called ultrasonically assisted latex mixing and in-situ reduction process [14,15]. Firstly, natural flake graphite was oxidized to graphene oxide (GO) according to the Hummer's method [27].…”

Section: Preparation Of the Nr Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphene (GE) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are among the most fascinating nanoparticles, which have received numerous studies because of their intrinsic excellent properties [5,6], such as high modulus [7], tensile strength [8], thermal [9,10] and electrical conductivity [11,12]. GE has been used to prepare NR nanocomposites by an ultrasonically assisted latex mixing and in-situ reduction process [13][14][15], the mechanical properties were significantly improved at a low content of GE [14]. The reinforcement effect of graphene is believed to be related to its effect on strain induced crystallization (SIC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative investigation on strain induced crystallization for graphene and carbon nanotubes filled natural rubber composites

Fu¹,

Zhan²,

Yan³

et al. 2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Natural rubber containing graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites were prepared by ultrasonicallyassisted latex mixing. Natural rubber filled by both graphene and CNTs show significant enhanced tensile strength, while graphene exhibits a better reinforcing effect than CNTs. Strain-induced crystallization in natural rubber composites during stretching was determined by synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction. With the addition of CNTs or graphene, the crystallization for natural rubber occurs at a lower strain compared to unfilled natural rubber, and the strain amplification effects were observed. The incorporation of graphene results in a faster strain-induced crystallization rate and a higher crystallinity compared to CNTs. The entanglement-bound rubber tube model was used to analyze the chain network structure and determine the network parameters of composites. The results show that the addition of graphene or CNTs has an influence on the molecular network structure and improves the contribution of entanglement to the conformational constraint, while graphene has a more marked effect than CNTs.

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Enhancing electrical conductivity of rubber composites by constructing interconnected network of self-assembled graphene with latex mixing

Cited by 269 publications

References 23 publications

Reinforced natural rubber nanocomposites using graphene oxide as a reinforcing agent and their in situ reduction into highly conductive materials

Reinforced natural rubber nanocomposites using graphene oxide as a reinforcing agent and their in situ reduction into highly conductive materials

Graphene-philic surfactants for nanocomposites in latex technology

A comparative investigation on strain induced crystallization for graphene and carbon nanotubes filled natural rubber composites

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