Ensilaje de maíz y su influencia sobre parámetros productivos en vacas mestizas del trópico

Abstract

Corn silage and its influence on productive parameters in crossbred cows from the tropics
 Resumen
 El objetivo de esta investigación reside en determinar si adicionar ensilaje de maíz (Zea mays) en la alimentación de las vacas mejora sus parámetros productivos y composicionales en leche en periodos de sequía. Las (n=16) vacas mestizas utilizadas tenían un peso corporal de 400 a 500 kilos, condición corporal de 2,5 a 3,0 (Escala 1 al 5). Se utilizaron ocho repeticiones por grupo de vaca, al grupo tratante se adiciono (10/kilos/vaca/día/silo-maíz) más un grupo testigo (0/kilos/vaca/día/silo-maíz) durante 138 días. Los datos se procesaron mediante la prueba de T para observaciones no apareadas para parámetro producción leche para porcentajes proteína prueba de Friedman, operando paquete estadístico Infostat versión (2010). Adicionar (10/kilos/vaca/día/silo-maíz) registró diferencias significativas (p˂0,01) sobre producción leche en los meses: Noviembre, Diciembre y Enero al compararlos con el tratamiento testigo (0/kilos/vaca/día/silo-maíz). No hubo diferencias significativas (p˃0,05) sobre los porcentajes proteína en leche comparando ambos tratamiento. Se concluye que adicionar 10 kilos de ensilaje de maíz vaca día en época de escases de alimento mejora significativamente la producción de leche además deja una tasa de retorno marginal del 67%
 Palabras clave: Ensilaje de maíz, producción leche, porcentaje proteína, vacas mestizas. 
 Abstract
 The objective of this research is to determine if adding maize silage (Zea mays) in the feeding of cows improves its productive and compositional parameters in milk during periods of drought. The (n = 16) mestizo cows used had a body weight of 400 to 500 kilos, body condition of 2,5 to 3,0 (Scale 1 to 5). Eight replications per cow group were used, the treatment group was added (10/kg/cow/day/silo-corn) plus one control group (0/kg/cow/day/silo-corn) for 138 days. Data were processed using the T-test for unpaired observations for parameter milk production for percent protein Friedman test, operating statistical package Infostat version (2010). (10/kg/cow/day/silo-maize) showed significant differences (p˂0.01) on milk production in the months: November, December and January when compared with the control treatment (0/kg/cow/day/Silo-maize). There were no significant differences (p=0,05) on protein percentages in milk comparing both treatment. It is concluded that adding 10 kilos of corn silage cow day in season of food shortages significantly improves milk production in addition leaves a marginal rate of return of 67%
 Keywords: Corn silage, milk production, protein percentage, crossbred cows

Evaluation of the quality of the silage obtained from the uniformization pruning in intensive silvopastoral systems

“…In tropical conditions, it is difficult to maintain a constant forage production specifically due to the marked difference between the rainy and dry season, which makes it necessary to create food reserves for use in times of drought [5]. The uniformization prunings generated during the establishment of the SSP can be an essential food to preserve it through the silage technique mixed with other plant sources as a mechanism to improve its initial condition offered to animals in times of food scarcity.…”