ENT Changes of Pregnancy and Its Management

Abstract

A unique group of ear, nose, and throat disorders are associated with pregnancy. While most are benign and reverse during the postpartum period, some do not. These disorders may be classified categorically by site into ear, nose, and laryngeal manifestations. The etiology, pathogenesis and management of these disorders are discussed. Therapeutic recommendations are made based on available information. It is especially important to have knowledge of these common manifestations and treat them with precaution considering the possible effects to both the mother and growing foetus during this crucial period.

Acute Onset Neurological Disorders during Pregnancy: A Literature Review

“…Although most neuropathies are usually reversible, associated disabilities or morbidities can limit function and require therapy. 9 Carpal tunnel syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, characterized by numbness, tingling and weakness in the thumb, index, middle, half of the ring finger and parts of the palm of the hand (supplied by the median nerve). The incidence varies from 2 to 70% during pregnancy depending on the diagnostic method and the physician.…”

“…The incidence is around 28-45:100.000 pregnancies; it is rarely recurrent and it is more common in the third trimester (►Table 1). 8,9 The most frequent symptoms are unilateral weakness of the muscles controlling facial expressions (smiling, closing eyelids), dry eyes and mouth, hyperacusis to acute sounds and loss of taste over the anterior two thirds of the tongue ipsilateral to the facial weakness. It may be preceded or accompanied by ipsilateral retroauricular pain; some studies reveal that the increased incidence in pregnancy may be related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (preeclampsia, gestational hypertension).…”

The most frequently encountered rhinologic problems during pregnancy: appropriate approaches toward diagnose and therapy.

“…boyunca parmak ile bası • Nazal salin irigasyonu • Nemlendiricili pomad • İyi bir burun muayenesi ve gümüş nitratla müdahale • Nazal tampon ve antibiyotik profilaksisi (42,43) .…”

“…Burun tıka-nıklığı olan olgularımızın, gebelik öncesinde tanı alan deviyasyon sorununu çözmeleri sonucunda yeterli nazal hava akışının oluşması nedeniyle gebelik süre-since huzurlu olmalarını sağlayacaktır. Düzeltilmemiş ve nazal sirkülasyonu sağlanmamış deviyasyonlar, başta uyku bozuklukları, horlama ve yaşam kalitesinde azalma bulgularıyla aynı zamanda anksiyete ve psikolojik sorunlarla karakterize sıkıntılı bir gebelik sürecini tetikleyebilmektedir (1)(2)(3)(4)16,35,42,43) . Gebelerde lokal anestezi: Gebelerde lokal anestezikler hızla ve tam olarak plasenta yoluyla fetusa geçer.…”

Differential diagnostics of the causes responsible for a cough in the pregnant women

“…эзофагеального рефлюкса, по некоторым данным, дости-гает 50-75% [8,9], что объясняется, главным образом, повышением внутрибрюшного давления. Исследования, посвященные изучению внепищеводных проявлений ГЭР у беременных, немногочисленны и сводятся к оценке симптомов изжоги, частота которой может достигать 70% [5].…”