To evaluate the effect of glutamine supplement on patients with burns, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis via synthesizing up-to-date studies. Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register, EMBASE, and Google scholar, Wanfang data, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to Oct, 2023 to find randomized trials evaluating glutamine supplement on patients with burns. Main outcomes included hospital stay, in hospital mortality, infection, and wound healing. Twenty-two trials which randomized a total of 2,170 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled the length of hospital stay was shortened by glutamine supplement (WMD = -7.95, 95%CI -10.53 to -5.36, I2 = 67.9%, 16 trials)). Both pooled wound healing rates (WMD = 9.15, 95%CI 6.30 to 12.01, I2 = 82.7%, six studies) and wound healing times (WMD = -5.84, 95%CI -7.42 to -4.27, I2 = 45.7%, seven studies) were improved by glutamine supplement. Moreover, glutamine supplement reduced wound infection (RR = 0.38, 95%CI 0.21 to 0.69, I2 = 0%, three trials), but not non-wound infection (RR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.73 to 1.05, I2 = 39.6%, 9 trials). Neither in hospital mortality (RR = 0.95, 95%CI 0.74 to 1.22, I2 = 36.0%, eight trials) nor the length of ICU stay (WMD = 1.85, 95%CI -7.24 to 10.93, I2 = 78.2%, five studies) was improved by glutamine supplement. Subgroup analysis showed positive effects were either influenced by or based on small-scale, single center studies. Based on the current available data, we do not recommend routine use of glutamine supplement for burn patients in hospital. Future large-scale randomized trials are still needed to give a conclusion about the effect of glutamine supplement on burn patients.