Entwicklung und Bedeutung von Treibmitteln bei der Herstellung von Schaumstoffen aus Kautschuk und Kunststoffen

Lober, F.

doi:10.1002/ange.19520640302

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the oldest method, originally developed for rubber, air is whipped mechanically into the latex [13]. The resulting froth is fixed by cross-linking.…”

Section: Blowing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foamed Plastics

Weber¹,

Grave²,

Röhrl³

2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Production 2.1. Principles 2.2. Blowing Agents 2.3. Additives 3. Properties 4. Specific Foamed Plastics 4.1. Polyolefin (PO) Foams 4.1.1. Low‐Density Polyolefin Foams (25 ‐ 250 kg/m 3 ) 4.1.2. High‐Density Polyolefin Foams (250 ‐ 700 kg/m 3 ) 4.2. Polystyrene (PS) Foams 4.2.1. Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) Foams 4.2.2. Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) Foams 4.2.3. Structural Polystyrene Foams 4.3. Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Foams 4.3.1. Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Foams 4.3.2. Flexible Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Foams 4.4. Foams from Phenol‐Formaldehyde (PF) Resins 4.5. Foams from Urea‐Formaldehyde (UF) Resins 4.6. Foams from Melamine‐Formaldehyde (MF) Resins 4.7. Silicone (SI) Foams 4.8. Epoxy (EP) Foams 4.9. Polyimide (PI) Foams 4.10. Polymethacrylimide (PMI) Foams 4.11. Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) Foams 4.12. Polyamide (PA) Foams 4.13. Poly(Phenylene Oxide) (PPE) Foams 4.14. Polysulfone (PSU) Foams 4.15. Polycarbonate (PC) Foams 5. Testing 5.1. Mechanical Properties 5.1.1. Rigid Foams 5.1.2. Flexible Foams 5.2. Thermal Properties 5.3. Miscellaneous Properties 6. Economic Aspects 7. Toxicology and Environmental Aspects

show abstract

“…In the oldest method, originally developed for rubber, air is whipped mechanically into the latex [13]. The resulting froth is fixed by cross-linking.…”

Section: Blowing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foamed Plastics

Weber¹,

Grave²,

Röhrl³

2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3] This foaming agent is normally used in combination with a crosslinking agent to produce the required final product. The primary decomposition of this chemical, according to Stevens and Emblem 4 and Laber AQ2 , 5 goes through the competitive and exothermic reaction pathways shown in Figure F1 1. The products of these reactions are solids (urazol and hydrazodicarbonamide) and a gaseous mixture of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, cyanic acid, and ammonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSC study of transitions involved in thermal treatment of foamable mixtures of PE and EVA copolymer with azodicarbonamide

Reyes‐Labarta

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The transitions and reactions involved in the thermal processing of binary mixtures of polyethylene and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) copolymers with different concentrations of a foaming agent (azodicarbonamide) were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of ZnO as a kicker also was discussed. The temperature at the maximum rate and the heat evolved were measured for all the processes-melting, transitions, and reactions-all the mixtures prepared were measured and compared. Azodicarbonamide decomposed differently depending on the polymeric matrix. These data can be very useful for the plastic processing industry.

show abstract

“…The decomposition of the azodicarbonamide in three different reactions were first suggested by Stevens and Emblem [14] and by Lober [15] (see Fig. 1), producing a mixture of nitrogen, carbon monoxide and ammonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastisol foaming process. Decomposition of the foaming agent, polymer behavior in the corresponding temperature range and resulting foam properties

Verdú

Zoller

Marcilla

2012

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC-plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min 21 scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g 21 . Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 6 50 g mol 21 . Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse.

show abstract

Entwicklung und Bedeutung von Treibmitteln bei der Herstellung von Schaumstoffen aus Kautschuk und Kunststoffen

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Foamed Plastics

Foamed Plastics

DSC study of transitions involved in thermal treatment of foamable mixtures of PE and EVA copolymer with azodicarbonamide

Plastisol foaming process. Decomposition of the foaming agent, polymer behavior in the corresponding temperature range and resulting foam properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About