Entwicklung und Evaluation des Fragebogens zur Erfassung Aversiver und Protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen (APK)

Ehrenthal, Johannes C.; Schauenburg, Henning; Wagner, Frank E.; Dinger, Ulrike; Volz, Matthias

doi:10.1055/a-1123-1615

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Individuals in the clinical setting had higher levels of anxiety and avoidance as compared to non-clinical participants, and patients with a comorbid personality disorder (PD) had higher levels of both subscales of the ECR-RD in comparison to patients without a PD diagnosis. The ECR-RD was successfully used in a variety of research settings, ranging from social phobia [ 31 ], posttraumatic stress disorder [ 32 ] and revictimization [ 33 ], to mother–child-interventions [ 34 ], forensic psychiatry [ 35 ], medically unexplained pain conditions [ 36 , 37 ], somatic symptom disorder [ 38 ], cardiovascular stress reaction [ 39 ], neuroscience [ 40 ], periodontal diseases [ 41 ], primary care [ 42 ], borderline personality disorder [ 43 ], bipolar disorder [ 44 ], childhood experiences [ 45 ], to research on spirituality [ 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a short version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (ECR-RD8): results from a representative German sample

et al. 2021

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Background Attachment insecurity is a prominent risk factor for the development and course of psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders. The Experiences in Close Relationships - Revised (ECR-R) questionnaire is a widely used self-report to assess attachment related anxiety and avoidance. However, its length has the potential to restrict its use in large, multi-instrument studies. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a brief version of the ECR-R, and provide norm values for the German population. Methods A screening version of the original ECR-R was developed through principal components analysis of datasets from several previous studies. In a representative sample of 2428 randomly selected individuals from the German population, we compared fit indices of different models by means of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). We investigated the convergent validity of the screening version in an independent convenience sample of 557 participants. Correlations between the short and the full scale were investigated in a re-analysis of the original German ECR-R evaluation sample. Results CFA indicated a satisfactory model fit for an eight-item version (ECR-RD8). The ECR-RD8 demonstrated adequate reliability. The subscales correlated as expected with another self-report measure of attachment in an independent sample. Individuals with higher levels of attachment anxiety, but especially higher levels of attachment avoidance were significantly more likely to not be in a relationship, across all age groups. Correlations between the short and the full scale were high. Conclusions The ECR-RD8 appears to be a reliable, valid, and economic questionnaire for assessing attachment insecurity. In addition, the reported population-based norm values will help to contextualize future research findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a short version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (ECR-RD8): results from a representative German sample

et al. 2021

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“…Childhood maltreatment. In SHIP, childhood maltreatment was obtained with the German version of the childhood trauma questionnaire 45 , a 28-item self-reporting questionnaire with excellent internal consistency 46 . In KORA, the shorter Childhood Trauma Screener 33 with only 5-items was used.…”

Section: Model 3ementioning

confidence: 99%

The relation between childhood adversity and adult obesity in a population-based study in women and men

Fleischer

Ulke

Beutel

et al. 2021

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Childhood maltreatment has been shown to relate to adult obesity. In this epidemiological study, we investigate the association between childhood maltreatment and waist-to-height-ratio (WHtR) in a sample of the German adult population, comprising of N = 2936 participants. WHtR, an indicator for risk of obesity, was the primary outcome. Childhood maltreatment was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS), which assesses emotional and physical neglect, abuse as well as sexual abuse. Cohort-data were harmonized and analyzed within DataSHIELD. We used multivariable regression models to estimate the association of childhood maltreatment and WHtR at different levels of adjustments for potential confounders. Overall childhood maltreatment was associated with a higher WHtR in both sexes (women: p = 0.004, men: p < 0.001); associations were no longer significant in women after adding socioeconomic variables, but remained significant in men (p = 0.013). Additionally, we were able to identify sex specific patterns for childhood maltreatment predicting the WHtR. Emotional neglect and abuse had stronger impacts on the WHtR in women than in men, whereas physical neglect and abuse had stronger impacts in men. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive population-based study testing various types of childhood maltreatment with WHtR in sex-, region- and weight-stratified analyses. Future studies in clinical populations are warranted to examine U-shaped correlations between increased WHtR and childhood maltreatment.

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“…Zunehmend gewinnt neben der Erfassung aversiver Kindheitserfahrungen die Untersuchung protektiver Erfahrungen als eigenständiger Einflussfaktor auf späteres körperliches und emotionales Wohlbefinden an Bedeutung, wie z.B. der Wirkung verlässlicher Bindungserfahrung (Afifi & Macmillan, 2011;Ehrenthal, Stoffel & Ditzen, 2019;Ehrenthal, Schauenburg, Wagner, Dinger & Volz, 2020;Sroufe, Egeland & Carlson, 1999). Allerdings werden positive Kindheitserfahrungen besonders im klinischen Kontext meist weder systematisch noch im Zusammenhang mit aversiven Kindheitserfahrungen erfasst, sondern häufig im Sinne eines "Entweder-Oder".…”

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“…Sowohl Kurz-als auch Langversion des CTQ decken in ihrer Faktorstruktur die engere Definition aversiver Kindheitserfahrungen ab, wobei für die Kurzversion diese Faktorstruktur trotz uneindeutiger Befunde beibehalten wurde (Bernstein et al, 1997;Dudeck et al, 2015;Spinhoven et al, 2014). Dem CTQ wurde von unserer Arbeitsgruppe ein deutschsprachiges Erfassungsinstrument gegenübergestellt: der Fragebogen zur Erfassung aversiver und protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen (APK; Ehrenthal et al, 2020). Der APK hat zum Ziel, einige Limitationen des CTQ zu adressieren: Erstens erlaubt der APK die systematische und parallele Erfassung protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen, und trägt so deren wachsender Bedeutung Rechnung.…”

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“…Die Grundidee des APK ist, durch die breitere Erhebung aversiver Kindheitserfahrungen und der zusätzlichen Erfassung protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen ein vollständigeres Bild für die Therapieplanung und prognostische Risikoeinschätzung zu ermöglichen. Die Langversion des APK wurde anhand einer teil-und vollstationären klinischen Stichprobe validiert (Ehrenthal et al, 2020). Über alle Skalen gemittelt zeigte sich für den APK dabei eine hohe interne Konsistenz (Cronbachs α = .80), wobei jene Skalen, die mit dem Referenzinstrument CTQ korrespondierten, eine hohe Reliabilität (Range: Cronbachs α = .91 -.96) aufwiesen.…”

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Erstellung und Validierung einer Kurzversion des Fragebogens zur Erfassung aversiver und protektiver Kindheitserfahrung (APK-18)

et al. 2021

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Zusammenfassung. Die Erfassung von Kindheitserfahrungen stellt einen wichtigen Baustein für Verständnis und Behandlung psychischer Belastungen im Erwachsenenalter dar. Dabei kommt der Erfassung protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen neben etablierten aversiven Erlebnissen eine wachsende Bedeutung zu. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Erstellung einer validen, reliablen und zeitökonomischen Kurzform des Fragebogens zur Erfassung aversiver und protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen (APK). Mithilfe des Ant-Colony Optimization (ACO) Algorithmus wurden an einer klinisch-psychotherapeutischen Stichprobe ( n = 701) aus den 59 Items der Langversion ein Set von 18 Items identifiziert und an einer nicht-klinischen Stichprobe ( n = 643) validiert. Die Kurzversion (APK-18) zeigte gute Reliabilität und Validität und unterschied anhand latenter Mittelwertunterschiede zuverlässig zwischen klinischen und nicht-klinischen Teilnehmenden. Einschränkungen bezüglich der Reliabilität ergaben sich bei 2 der insgesamt 8 Sub-Skalen, „Sonstige traumatische Ereignisse“ und „Trennungserfahrungen“. Mit der Kurzversion APK–18 liegt ein ökonomisches und valides Messinstrument vor, welches in klinische Routineerhebungen integriert werden kann.

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Entwicklung und Evaluation des Fragebogens zur Erfassung Aversiver und Protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen (APK)

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of a short version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (ECR-RD8): results from a representative German sample

Evaluation of a short version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (ECR-RD8): results from a representative German sample

The relation between childhood adversity and adult obesity in a population-based study in women and men

Erstellung und Validierung einer Kurzversion des Fragebogens zur Erfassung aversiver und protektiver Kindheitserfahrung (APK-18)

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