Enumeration of Coliforms in Nonfat Dry Milk and Canned Custard by Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter Method: Collaborative Study

Entis, Phyllis; Ciebin, Bruce; Gipson, V; Grahn, Michael; Hunt, Stuart; Idziak, Edmund S.; Kalinowski, R.; Kreiger, F; Lancette, Gayle A; Lanier, John; Lister, Michael; Martin, Anthony R.; Maserang, D L; Nath, Edward J.; Oji, R T; Plank, W M; Ponycharierks, D; Smith, A M; Varney, G. W.; Wong, Poh Weng; Zapatka, Francis A.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/66.4.897

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recently, several methods have become available as alternatives to APC to improve operation and reading: Isogrid Method (Entis 1983;Entis 1986), Petrifilm SM System (Ginn et al 1986;Smith et al 1986), Redigel (Chain and Fung 1991) and the Spiral SystemTM (Schalkowsky 1986). The Spiral SystemlM can speed up conventional microbiological plating and counting processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiral System and Laser Colony Scanner for Enumeration of Microorganisms

Manninen

Fung

Hart

1990

Journal of Food Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aerobic Plate Count (APC) and spiral plate (Spiral) methods using both manual counting (MC) and laser counting (LC) procedures were compared for pure bacterial, yeast, and mold cultures and raw milk samples. All four combinations of methods (APC-MC, APC-LC, Spiral-MC, and Spiral-LC) gave similar log,, counts of studied pure microbial cultures, producing results that were not different for the purposes of practical microbiology. With bacterial and yeast cultures, counts differed by less than half a logarithmic cycle (the range of di3erence = -0.26 to + 0.42). the range of difference being -0.03 to + 0.62 for Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium camemberti molds. An exception was noticed with Rhizopus oligosporus mold when plates were read by laser due to large (10-15 mm) colony size. The difference between the readings made manually and by laser colony scanner was about one logarithmic cycle with both APC and Spiral methods.Statistical analyses of the manually read results of bacterial and Saccharomyces cerevisiae spiral plates showed no differences at the 0.05 level of significance between the readings made by four or jive persons.For raw milk samples, Spiral-MC and Spiral-LC methods gave higher microbial numbers than APC-MC (63% of samples) and APC-LC (54% of samples) at 0.05 level of significance (p

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiral System and Laser Colony Scanner for Enumeration of Microorganisms

Manninen

Fung

Hart

1990

Journal of Food Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous publications on the use of the HGMF appear in the literature. The HGMF is used for enumeration of coliforms, fecal coliforms (3)(4)(5)16), Salmonella sp. (6,10), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (8), Staphylococcus sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1985, Q43, p. 265); etc. Major HGMF applications have been for foods and food products (1)(2)(3)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), many of which contain particulate matter requiring prefiltration (8,15). Use of the HGMF has been officially approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists for enumeration of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli (5), and Salmonella sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation of microbial enumeration: development of a disposable hydrophobic grid-membrane filter unit

Tsuji¹,

Bussey²

1986

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A disposable filter unit containing a hydrophobic grid-membrane filter (HGMF) was developed. The unit is liquid tight to serve as a specimen transport container and, by removal of the funnel extender (175or 300-ml capacity), the unit becomes less than the height of two stacked petri plates to save space during in situ incubation. The polyethylene mesh which supports the HGMF facilitates rinse removal of any substance(s) that would interfere with microbial growth. The correlations between a pour plate, a conventional square HGMF, and a disposable filter unit on microbial enumeration were examined. Characteristics (e.g., clumping, spreading, etc.) of some microorganisms limit the linear counting range to less than 1,000 CFU per filter.

show abstract

“…As part of a continuing program for the development of hydrophobic grid-membrane filter (HGMF) techniques in food microbiology (8,17,19), methods are needed which allow optical discrimination of colonies for manual or automated counting. Since enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus accounts for one-third of the food poisoning incidents in Canada (21), the usefulness of HGMF for enumerating these organisms was a prime target for study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in foods by direct demonstration of enterotoxigenic colonies on membrane filters by enzyme immunoassay

Peterkin¹,

Sharpe²

1984

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a convenient method has been devised for the direct demonstration of enterotoxin B production by Staphylococcus aureus colonies grown for 24 h on membrane filters. The problem of false-positive reactions due to binding of immunoglobulin G to protein A was turned to advantage by conjugating horseradish peroxidase directly to protein A, which then mediated the labeling of the antitoxin. The test requires 3 h to complete and yields a purple stain at the site of enterotoxin Bproducing colonies, thus allowing direct enumeration of confirmed S. aureus in foods within 27 h. The method should be applicable to other enterotoxins of S. aureus.

show abstract

Enumeration of Coliforms in Nonfat Dry Milk and Canned Custard by Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter Method: Collaborative Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Spiral System and Laser Colony Scanner for Enumeration of Microorganisms

Spiral System and Laser Colony Scanner for Enumeration of Microorganisms

Automation of microbial enumeration: development of a disposable hydrophobic grid-membrane filter unit

Rapid enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in foods by direct demonstration of enterotoxigenic colonies on membrane filters by enzyme immunoassay

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About