Environment-Friendly, Self-Sensing Concrete Blended with Byproduct Wastes

Konkanov, Marat; Salem, Talal; Jiao, Pengcheng; Niyazbekova, Rimma; Lajnef, Nizar

doi:10.3390/s20071925

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This study presents the BOF enhanced Portland cement that can be used as an alternative green building material. In particular, the compressive and flexural strengths and the heat-related properties of the BOF-enhanced cement are investigated to expand the advanced understanding on the environment-friendly, self-sensing concrete [ 41 ]. The proposed cement embodies the abundant calcium silicates presented in the BOF slag to yield a high-performance green blended cement for concrete production and other applications.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen that, for example, about 50% increment of the compressive strength is obtained for the 5% BOF cement at the early age (i.e., 3 days), which is reduced to about 34% increment at the late age of 28 days. This is because the fineness of the BOF (microparticles) tends to react faster and increase the early and late compressive strengths of the BOF-enhanced cement samples by improving the microstructures of the cement stone [ 41 ]. Using 10% and 15% BOF results in the reversed trends for the early and late ages (i.e., reduction in compressive strength), which are estimated to be 3.1% and 14.4% at the age of 28 days, respectively, compared with the optimum dosage of 5% BOF.…”

Section: Components Production and Experimental Testing Of Bof-ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we report blended Portland slag cement, in which ordinary Portland cement was enhanced by basic oxygen steelmaking slag (BOF). The environment-friendly, self-sensing concrete reported in Reference [ 41 ] is expanded for advanced understanding on the mechanical and chemical properties of the BOF-enhanced cement. The enhanced physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics are investigated, and the optimal dosage of 5% BOF is obtained for the BOF-enhanced cement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blended Cement Mixed with Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slag (BOF) as an Alternative Green Building Material

et al. 2020

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Portland cement tends to exhibit negative environmental impacts; thus, it is required to find measures that will improve its green credentials. In this study, we report a blended Portland slag cement as an alternative environmentally-friendly building material in order to reduce the total carbon footprint resulted from the production of the ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which may resolve the environmental issues associated with carbon dioxide emissions. The ordinary Portland cement type I enhanced by basic oxygen steelmaking slag (BOF) is produced and casted into cubic and beam-like samples for the compressive and three-point bending tests, and the compressive and flexural strengths are experimentally measured. Numerical simulations are conducted to compare with the experimental result and satisfactory agreements are obtained. X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations and porosity tests are then carried out using the semi-adiabatic calorimetry, which indicates that 5% BOF is the optimal ratio to accelerate the hydration process while increasing the amount of hydration products, especially at the early curing age of 3 days. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images further indicate that BOF can be used to prevent the development of microcracks while mitigating their propagation within cement mortar. Our study indicates that the compressive strength of OPC can be critically increased by BOF at the relatively low concentrations of 5%. The blended slag cement reported in this paper provides advanced understanding on the green building material that uses byproduct wastes for the mechanical and electrical performance.

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Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Components Production and Experimental Testing Of Bof-ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blended Cement Mixed with Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slag (BOF) as an Alternative Green Building Material

et al. 2020

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“…There are inhomogeneous particles with particle sizes ranging from 1 µm to 40 µm. Most of the rare earth particles are based on the Fe-based compositions in combination with Ca, Na, Ti (Fe) O compounds [ 98 , 99 ]. However, the minor elements are based on the C, P, Mn also present in the red mud resources Figure 17 a,b.…”

Section: Fields Of Application Of Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Red Mud as a Source for Metal Ions—A Review

Samal

2021

Materials

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An overview is presented on the prospective use of red mud as a resource in this review. Various scopes are suggested for the utilization of red mud to maintain a sustainable environment. The potential use of red mud covers the valuable metal recovery that could emphasize the use of red mud as a resource. Red mud could act as reduced slag in the metallurgical field for the extraction of minerals and metals for upscale application. Although many studies have revealed the potential utilization of red mud, most of them are only limited to a lab-scale basis. Therefore, a large-scale investigation on recycling of red mud for the extraction in the area of the metal recovery section will draw attention to the extensive use of red mud. Metal ions of major elements Fe (44 wt.%), Al (18.2 wt.%), Si (14.3 wt.%), Ti (9.3 wt.%), Na (6.2 wt.%), Ca (4.4 wt.%) as major elements and of Mg, V, Mn, Cr, K as minor elements and rare earth elements such as Ce (102 mg/kg), La (56 mg/kg), Sc (47 mg/kg), Nd (45 mg/kg), Sm (9 mg/kg). Moreover, an appropriate in-house metal recovery facility with the alumina industry will come out as a cost–benefit analysis.

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“…In the absence of a conductive admixture, the strain-sensing performance is less satisfactory, as shown by comparing Figure 1a and b [4], and by the lower signal-to-noise ratio [46]. However, damage sensing, which tends to be less demanding than strain sensing, can be feasible, as shown by the resistance-based sensing of the damage during freeze-thaw cycling in the absence of a conductive admixture ( Figure 2) [47].…”

Section: Electrically Conductive Admixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sensing concrete: from resistance-based sensing to capacitance-based sensing

Chung

2020

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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Self-sensing uses the cement-based material without sensor incorporation to sense itself. This paper reviews self-sensing cementbased materials, with coverage of the well-studied resistance-based sensing as well as the less-studied capacitance-based sensing. This review is the first that covers capacitance-based self-sensing. Capacitance-based sensing is advantageous over resistance-based sensing in that no particular admixture is required, so that it is applicable to both existing and new structures. In contrast, resistance-based sensing that is comparable to capacitance-based sensing in stress/strain sensitivity requires conductive admixtures, such as carbon fiber. Resistance-based strain sensing is based on piezoresistivity, which is associated with the resistance increasing upon tension and decreasing upon compression. Capacitance-based strain sensing is based on piezopermittivity, which is associated with the permittivity decreasing upon tension and increasing upon compression. Damage causes the resistance to increase and causes the permittivity to decrease. Increase in temperature decreases the resistance but increases the permittivity. This review also covers the methodology of the electrical measurements.

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Environment-Friendly, Self-Sensing Concrete Blended with Byproduct Wastes

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Blended Cement Mixed with Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slag (BOF) as an Alternative Green Building Material

Blended Cement Mixed with Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slag (BOF) as an Alternative Green Building Material

Utilization of Red Mud as a Source for Metal Ions—A Review

Self-sensing concrete: from resistance-based sensing to capacitance-based sensing

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