Environmental and endogenous controls on leaf- and stand-level water conductance in a Scots pine plantation

Sturm, Neils; Köstner, Barbara; Hartung, Wolfram; Tenhunen, John

doi:10.1051/forest:19980114

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Perks et al observed that the ratio between canopy conductance of droughted and control Scots pine trees fell to 0.2 when minimum ψ l, pd of −0.8 MPa were reached [35]. Also Sturm et al [41] showed similar reductions of leaf-level stomatal conductance with decreasing ψ l, pd . However, at the lowest measured ψ l, pd , pubescent oak kept stomatal conductance at higher levels, about 30% of the maximum value.…”

Section: Sap Flow and G S Responses To Environmental Variables And Prmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…These findings are in agreement with the general responses of both species to water deficits observed elsewhere. Pubescent oak maintains high transpiration rates despite showing very low leaf water potentials [14,32], even lower than the turgor loss point [27], while Scots pine efficiently closes stomata beyond a threshold in soil moisture [22] and in response to high vapour pressure deficits [41] . Scots pine G s, md , was reduced to 10% of its maximum value when ψ l, pd values approached −0.8 MPa.…”

Section: Sap Flow and G S Responses To Environmental Variables And Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to soil and atmospheric water deficits under Mediterranean mountain climate

et al. 2008

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. Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to soil and atmospheric water deficits under Mediterranean mountain climate. Annals of Forest Science, Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences, 2008, 65 (3), pp.1. Ann. For. Sci. 65 (2008) Abstract -The physiological responses to water deficits of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) were studied under Mediterranean mountain climate. Minimum leaf water potentials were −3.2 MPa for oak and −2.1 MPa for pine, with higher predawn values for pubescent oak. Relative sap flow declined in both species when vapour pressure deficit (D) went above ca. 1.2 kPa, but stomatal control was stronger for pine during the 2003 summer drought. P. sylvestris plant hydraulic conductance on a half-total leaf area basis (k L, s−l ) was 1.2-2.6 times higher than the values shown by Q. pubescens, and it showed a considerably steeper decrease during summer. Leaf-level gas exchange was positively related to k L, s−l in both species. Scots pine was more vulnerable to xylem embolism and closed stomata to prevent substantial conductivity losses. The results of this study confirm that pubescent oak is more resistant to extreme drought events.canopy stomatal conductance / drought / hydraulic conductance / Mediterranean climate / sap flow Résumé -Réponses du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et du chêne pubescent (Quercus pubescens Wild.) aux déficits hydriques atmosphérique et édaphique sous climat montagnard méditerranéen. Les réponses physiologiques aux déficits hydriques du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et du chêne pubescent (Quercus pubescens Wild.) ont été étudiées sous climat montagnard méditerranéen. Le potentiel hydrique foliaire minimum atteint a été de −3,2 MPa pour le chêne et de −2,1 MPa pour le pin, avec des valeurs de potentiel de base plus élevées pour le chêne pubescent. Un relatif déclin du flux de sève a été observé chez les deux espèces lorsque le déficit de vapeur d'eau dépassait 1,2 kPa, mais le contrôle stomatique a été plus fort chez le pin pendant la sécheresse de l'été 2003. La conductance hydraulique des pins, ramenée à la surface foliaire (k L, s−1 ) a été de 1,2 à 2,6 fois plus élevée que celle de Quercus pubescens et a présenté une rapide décroissance pendant l'été. Le niveau des échanges gazeux foliaires était positivement corrélé à k L, s−1 chez les deux espèces. Le pin sylvestre est plus vulnérable à l'embolie du xylème et a de ce fait fermé ses stomates pour empêcher une perte substantielle de conductivité hydraulique. Les résultats de cette étude confirment que le chêne pubescent est plus résistant aux épisodes d'extrême sécheresse que le pin sylvestre.conductance stomatique du couvert / sècheresse / conductance hydraulique / climat méditerranéen / flux de sève

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Section: Sap Flow and G S Responses To Environmental Variables And Prmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Sap Flow and G S Responses To Environmental Variables And Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to soil and atmospheric water deficits under Mediterranean mountain climate

et al. 2008

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“…Nevertheless, if we examine the values obtained for the parameter k in the climatic analysis (Fig. 3), the highest Oecologia (2007) 153:245-259 255 value corresponds to Hartheim forest, where shallow soils and restricted access to groundwater makes it prone to intense soil water deficits (Sturm et al 1998), and the lowest are found for the clayey and organic-rich soils in Guisachan.…”

Section: Soil-and Stand-level Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity in hydraulic architecture of Scots pine across Eurasia

et al. 2007

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Widespread tree species must show physiological and structural plasticity to deal with contrasting water balance conditions. To investigate these plasticity mechanisms, a meta-analysis of Pinus sylvestris L. sap flow and its response to environmental variables was conducted using datasets from across its whole geographical range. For each site, a Jarvis-type, multiplicative model was used to fit the relationship between sap flow and photosynthetically active radiation, vapour pressure deficit (D) and soil moisture deficit (SMD); and a logarithmic function was used to characterize the response of stomatal conductance (G(s)) to D. The fitted parameters of those models were regressed against climatic variables to study the acclimation of Scots pine to dry/warm conditions. The absolute value of sap flow and its sensitivity to D and SMD increased with the average summer evaporative demand. However, relative sensitivity of G(s) to D (m/G (s,ref), where m is the slope and G(s,ref) is reference G(s) at D = 1 kPa) did not increase with evaporative demand across populations, and transpiration per unit leaf area at a given D increased accordingly in drier/warmer climates. This physiological plasticity was linked to the previously reported climate- and size-related structural acclimation of leaf to sapwood area ratios. G (s,ref), and its absolute sensitivity to D(m), tended to decrease with age/height of the trees as previously reported for other pine species. It is unclear why Scots pines have higher transpiration rates at drier/warmer sites, at the expense of lower water-use efficiency. In any case, our results suggest that these structural adjustments may not be enough to prevent lower xylem tensions at the driest sites.

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“…Its wide distribution and impact on site and ecosystem hydrology has resulted in a growing number of studies using sapflow sensors to estimate tree and stand transpiration (Cermak 1995, Backes 1996, Sturm et al 1998, Rust and Lüttschwager 1998. Its sapwood is too wide to be covered by most of the commercially available sapflow sensors and sapwood to heartwood area ratios vary considerably, both within and between stands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive estimation of sapwood and heartwood width in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Bieker¹,

Rust²

2010

Silva Fenn.

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Accurate estimates of the water conducting sapwood area are necessary to scale sapflow measurements to tree and stand level transpiration. We tested a non-destructive method, electric resistivity tomography (ERT), to estimate the area of conductive sapwood in 9 Pinus sylvestris L. trees in lower Saxony, Germany. Tomograms were compared to cross-sections stained with benzidine after harvesting. All tomograms displayed a distinct pattern of low resistivity at the stem perimeter and high resistivity in the stem centre with a steep increase in resistivity in between, assumed to indicate the transition from sapwood to heartwood. The tomograms showed a sapwood width 2 cm smaller than the staining method. This indicates that staining methods overestimate the amount of active sapwood because when heartwood is formed, moisture content decreases before extractive contents reach levels visible by staining. The ERT method is a new powerful method for the non-destructive estimation of sapwood and heartwood width.

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Environmental and endogenous controls on leaf- and stand-level water conductance in a Scots pine plantation

Cited by 41 publications

References 27 publications

Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to soil and atmospheric water deficits under Mediterranean mountain climate

Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to soil and atmospheric water deficits under Mediterranean mountain climate

Plasticity in hydraulic architecture of Scots pine across Eurasia

Non-destructive estimation of sapwood and heartwood width in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

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