Environmental and nutritional factors affecting the in vitro inhibition of the vegetative growth of <i>Venturia inaequalis</i> by five antagonistic fungi

Ampelomyces and Phoma species are frequently confused with each other. Isolates previously attributed to the genus Ampelomyces were shown to be Phoma isolates through studies of their morphology and life cycle and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region 1 sequence analysis. Phoma glomerata can colonize and suppress development of powdery mildew on oak and may have utility as a mycoparasitic agent.Powdery mildews are widespread plant pathogens that are conspicuous by their white mycelia and powder-like conidia (20). The fungus Ampelomyces quisqualis Ces. is the only fungus that has been demonstrated to be generally effective as a biocontrol agent of powdery mildew (4, 9, 16). Many morphologically similar species may be confused with A. quisqualis (10). To evaluate this possibility, we examined and identified Ampelomyces-like fungi isolated from powdery mildew and compared these cultures with isolates identified as Ampelomyces in culture collections.Isolation and growth. Leaves of sycamore trees (Platanus occidentalis L.) bearing infections of powdery mildew (Microsphaera penicillata (Wallr.:Fr.) Lèv.) were located in South River, New Jersey, in July 1998. Microscopic examination of the leaves revealed two types of pycnidia: stipitate pycnidia, typical of A. quisqualis, and sessile pycnidia, typical of the genus Phoma (Fig. 1) (17). Both types of pycnidia were removed from leaves with fine needles and placed on potato dextrose agar (Difco, Inc., Detroit, Mich.) containing the antibiotics gentamicin (40 mg/liter), streptomycin (40 mg/liter), and penicillin (20 mg/liter) (PDA ϩ 3). Two different fungi were consistently recovered. The stipitate pycnidia developed into slow-growing colonies whose characteristics corresponded to those expected for A. quisqualis (5, 11). The sessile pycnidia developed into rapidly growing colonies whose characteristics corresponded to those of Phoma glomerata (Cda) Wollenw. (2,19).Agar plugs (6 mm in diameter) of mycelia cut from the margins of rapidly growing colonies of both the South River Ampelomyces and South River P. glomerata isolates were transferred to five plates each of PDAϩ3 and incubated at room temperature (21 to 22°C) for 3 weeks to measure growth rates. We measured an average growth of 8 Ϯ 1 mm/day for the P. glomerata isolates and an average growth of 0.8 Ϯ 0.1 mm/day for the Ampelomyces isolates. With age, cultures of P.

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“…(P66A) significantly reduced conidial germination of an apple scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint.) (13), and Phoma etheridgei Hutch. & Hirat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phoma glomerataas a Mycoparasite of Powdery Mildew

Sullivan

White

2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Many fungi have been employed as biocontrol agents against phytopathogenic fungi (Dugan, 1996), including phytopathogens that are relatives of As. rabiei (Pfender, 1988; Pfender et al., 1993; Ouimet et al., 1997; Philion et al., 1997; Carisse et al., 2000; Bujold et al., 2001; Carisse and Bernier, 2002). We isolated and identified to species none of the fungi utilized and proven effective by these other authors against relatives of As.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rabiei , with the significant exception of E. purpurascens , but we note that isolates denoted as Aureobasidium sp. were sometimes utilized by these other workers (Ouimet et al., 1997; Philion et al., 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi Resident in Chickpea Debris and their Suppression of Growth and Reproduction ofDidymella rabieiunder Laboratory Conditions

Dugan¹,

Lupien²,

Hernandez‐Bello³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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Fungi colonizing senescent chickpea (Cicer arietinum) stems and postharvest debris from Pullman, WA, were enumerated and identified with the objective of finding species potentially useful for biological control of Didymella rabiei (conidial state ¼ Ascochyta rabiei), causal agent of Ascochyta blight. In addition to D. rabiei, primary colonizers were, in order of decreasing abundance, Alternaria tenuissima, Al. infectoria, Ulocladium consortiale, Epicoccum purpurascens, U. atrum and Fusarium pseudograminearum. Present at lower frequencies were Al. malorum, Cladosporium herbarum, Aureobasidium pullulans, Clonostachys rosea and miscellaneous anamorphic ascomycetes. On agar media and autoclaved chickpea stems, Au. pullulans consistently grew faster than As. rabiei, and excluded As. rabiei from the substrate. When stems received prior inoculation with Au. pullulans or Cl. rosea, followed by inoculation with compatible mating types of D. rabiei, formation of pseudothecia and pycnidia of D. rabiei was suppressed. Results suggest that Au. pullulans and Cl. rosea can inhibit As. rabiei and its sexual stage, D. rabiei, on chickpea debris. Clonostachys rosea formed appressoria on, then invaded, hyphae of D. rabiei. Small-scale field experiments using Au. pullulans and Cl. rosea have been initiated.www.blackwell-synergy.com

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“…(Hutchinson et al 1994), Viola sp. (Arie et al 1999), wheat (Triticum aestivum) (Diamond and Cooke 2003;Comby et al 2017), mangrove plant (Myoporum bontioides) (Huang et al 2017), Quebec orchard (Ouimet et al 1997), Guinea plant (Saurauia scaberrinae) (Hoffman et al 2008), Salsola oppositifolia (Qin et al 2010), Malaysian medicinal plant Cinnamomum mollissimum (Santiago et al 2012), and Chinese medicinal plant Arisaema erubescens (Wang et al 2012). These endophytes are known to occur on the leaf, stem, lower crown, roots, tuber, and plant inner tissues (Table 15.1).…”

Section: The Nature and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Management of Plant Diseases by Non-pathogenic Phoma spp.

Hossain

2021

Phoma: Diversity, Taxonomy, Bioactivities, and Nanotechnology

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The anamorphic genus Phoma Sacc. emend. Boerema et G.J. Bollen is an omnipresent taxon and found worldwide. The genus represents one of the largest fungi groups belonging to the phylum Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes, order Pleosporales, and family Didymellaceae. Although the genus initially included more than 3000 species (Monte et al. 1991), the descriptions of 223 specific and infraspecific taxa of Phoma are formally recognized in the Phoma

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Environmental and nutritional factors affecting the in vitro inhibition of the vegetative growth of Venturia inaequalis by five antagonistic fungi

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Phoma glomerataas a Mycoparasite of Powdery Mildew

Phoma glomerataas a Mycoparasite of Powdery Mildew

Fungi Resident in Chickpea Debris and their Suppression of Growth and Reproduction ofDidymella rabieiunder Laboratory Conditions

Biological Management of Plant Diseases by Non-pathogenic Phoma spp.

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