Environmental behavior and ecotoxicity of engineered nanoparticles to algae, plants, and fungi

Navarro, Enrique; Baun, Anders; Behra, Renata; Hartmann, Nanna B.; Filser, Juliane; Miao, Ai-Jun; Quigg, Antonietta; Santschi, Peter H.; Sigg, Laura

doi:10.1007/s10646-008-0214-0

Cited by 1,560 publications

(914 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Spartina alterniflora had the lowest C f among tested biota and accounted for only 0.20% of the total recovered gold. This was surprising given reports of other vascular plants taking up nanomaterials 17,18 ; however, it is possible that the nanorods in this study were either too large for uptake or were unable to penetrate the sediments to reach the Spartina roots on the 12-day timescale.…”

Section: Nmcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Transfer of gold nanoparticles from the water column to the estuarine food web

et al. 2009

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Within the next five years the manufacture of large quantities of nanomaterials may lead to unintended contamination of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems 1 . The unique physical, chemical and electronic properties of nanomaterials allow new modes of interaction with environmental systems that can have unexpected impacts 2,3 . Here, we show that gold nanorods can readily pass from the water column to the marine food web in three laboratory-constructed estuarine mesocosms containing sea water, sediment, sea grass, microbes, biofilms, snails, clams, shrimp and fish. A single dose of gold nanorods (65 nm length 3 15 nm diameter) was added to each mesocosm and their distribution in the aqueous and sediment phases monitored over 12 days. Nanorods partitioned between biofilms, sediments, plants, animals and sea water with a recovery of 84.4%. Clams and biofilms accumulated the most nanoparticles on a per mass basis, suggesting that gold nanorods can readily pass from the water column to the marine food web.The transport of contaminants to oceans through estuaries is often mediated by chemical and physical processes associated with mixing fresh water with sea water. As this region is also the habitat for many commercially and ecologically important shellfish and finfish, it could also be a critical point of nanomaterial contaminant entry into the marine food web. For example, salinity gradients, such as those found in tidal mixing zones, typically promote the flocculation and precipitation of organic matter and naturally occurring particulates 4,5 . Organic matter and particulates can be consumed by detritivores or shellfish, and they can also be a sink for anthropogenic material through burial in sediments 6 . At present little is known about the physicochemical behaviour of nanomaterial in the mixing zone, precluding prediction of their eventual environmental distribution. Measurement of nanomaterial distributions in model estuarine systems is a necessary first step towards the evaluation of the effects of nanoparticles on the environment.This study used a series of three replicate estuarine mesocosms as laboratories for measuring the behaviour of nanoparticles in complex environments. These systems are representative of Spartina (cordgrass) dominated estuaries and have been successfully used for estimating the coastal impact of several other contaminants, including atrazine, fipronil, endosulfan and nutrients (Fig. 1) [7][8][9][10] . In this study, three replicates of a complex ecosystem were constructed to model the edge of a tidal marsh creek. The systems were made up from natural, unfiltered sea water from Cherry Point Boat Landing on Wadmalaw Island, South Carolina, USA (salinity determined by conductivity and adjusted to 20‰ by the addition of deionized water) and contained a periodically submerged sediment tray in the primary tank and an attached reservoir for water storage (isolated with a screen) to simulate a tidal cycle [9][10][11] . Sediments were planted with Spartina alterniflora, 100 juvenile Mercenari...

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Section: Nmcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Transfer of gold nanoparticles from the water column to the estuarine food web

et al. 2009

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“…The sources of NPs to the environment are complex, consisting of both point and diffuse releases. During industrial production and transportation, accidental spills may occur [23]. Emissions to the atmosphere may result in deposition to soils and waters from various sources (e.g., waste incineration).…”

Section: Sources Of Metal-based Nps In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these studies, the particles are typically found to be agglomerated/aggregated, for example, TiO 2 [53,62,65,66], ZnO [43,53,[66][67][68], Ag [23,69], SiO 2 [70], and CeO 2 [53]. Manzo et al [71] analyzed an ZnO NP-contaminated soil by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method and found that the particles were not aggregated.…”

Section: Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal‐based nanoparticles in soil: Fate, behavior, and effects on soil invertebrates

Tourinho

Gestel²,

Lofts

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

401

229

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Abstract-Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) (e.g., silver, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide) are being widely used in the nanotechnology industry. Because of the release of particles from NP-containing products, it is likely that NPs will enter the soil compartment, especially through land application of sewage sludge derived from wastewater treatment. This review presents an overview of the literature dealing with the fate and effects of metal-based NPs in soil. In the environment, the characteristics of NPs (e.g., size, shape, surface charge) and soil (e.g., pH, ionic strength, organic matter, and clay content) will affect physical and chemical processes, resulting in NP dissolution, agglomeration, and aggregation. The behavior of NPs in soil will control their mobility and their bioavailability to soil organisms. Consequently, exposure characterization in ecotoxicological studies should obtain as much information as possible about dissolution, agglomeration, and aggregation processes. Comparing existing studies is a challenging task, because no standards exist for toxicity tests with NPs. In many cases, the reporting of associated characterization data is sparse, or missing, making it impossible to interpret and explain observed differences in results among studies. Environ. Toxicol. Chem.

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“…As highlighted by the literature, the toxicity of n-TiO2 is influenced by: i) type of n-TiO2: crystalline structure, nominal size, content of impurities Navarro et al, 2008;Ji et al, 2011;Seitz et al, 2013;Seitz et al, 2014); ii) procedure followed to conduct the toxicity test, i.e. suspension preparation method with use of solvent, sonication, filtration, (Clement et al, 2013;Arouja et al, 2009; and iii) mode of exposure to organism i.e.…”

Section: The Effect Factor Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%