Environmental exposure to trace elements and risk of cutaneous melanoma

Bassissi, Stefania; Malagoli, Carlotta; Pellacani, Giovanni; Alber, D.; Bergomi, Margherita; Seidenari, Stefania

doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500423

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…9 In particular, toenail As concentrations have been shown to be a good biomarker of environmental exposure to As. 10 – 12 The concentration of Cr in toenails has also been used as a biomarker of exposure in epidemiologic studies, 13 – 15 as well as concentrations of Ni in toenails 16 and fingernails, 17 although to a lesser extent than As or Cr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of Arsenic, Chromium, and Nickel in Toenail Samples From Appalachian Kentucky Residents

Johnson

Shelton

Hopenhayn

et al. 2011

J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol

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Lung cancer rates in Appalachian Kentucky are almost twice national rates; colorectal cancer rates are also elevated. Although smoking prevalence is high, it does not explain all excess risk. The area is characterized by poverty, low educational attainment, and unemployment. Coal production is a major industry. Pyrite contaminants of coal contain established human carcinogens, arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni). We compared biological exposure to As, Cr, and Ni for adults living in Appalachian Kentucky with residents of Jefferson, a non-Appalachian, urban county. We further compared lung and colon cancer rates, demographics, and smoking prevalence across the study areas. Toenail clipping analysis measured As, Cr, and Ni for residents of 23 rural Appalachian Kentucky counties and for Jefferson County. Reverse Kaplan-Meier statistical methodology addressed left-censored data. Appalachian residents were exposed to higher concentrations of As, Cr, and Ni than Jefferson County residents. Lung cancer incidence and mortality rates in Appalachia are higher than Jefferson County and elsewhere in the state, as are colorectal mortality rates. Environmental factors may contribute to the increased concentration of trace elements measured in residents of the Appalachian region. Routes of human exposure need to be determined.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of Arsenic, Chromium, and Nickel in Toenail Samples From Appalachian Kentucky Residents

Johnson

Shelton

Hopenhayn

et al. 2011

J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol

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“…Within a population-based, case-control study on melanoma risk factors carried out on the residents in Modena Province, northern Italy, we recruited a consecutive series of 59 newly diagnosed melanoma patients attending our Dermatologic Clinic (the only one in the Province) and 59 randomly selected population controls matched to the patients [7,8]. Seventy-two per cent of the newly diagnosed patients with melanoma of the skin agreed to participate in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High risk of cutaneous melanoma amongst carriers of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 R241 allele

Pellacani¹,

Casali²,

Malagoli³

et al. 2006

Melanoma Research

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We examined the relation between cutaneous melanoma risk and the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms G241R and K469E, as well as the circulating soluble form of ICAM-1 determined in plasma, in the population of Modena Province, northern Italy. Individuals carrying at least one R241 allele, versus those carrying the wild-type GG genotype, had a relative risk of melanoma of 4.3 (P = 0.022), whereas the K469E polymorphism was unrelated to disease risk. Soluble ICAM-1 levels above 10 ng/ml directly and strongly correlated with melanoma risk. In this population, individuals carrying the R241 allele of the ICAM-1 gene appeared to show an enhanced susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma, possibly because of increased ICAM-1 expression.

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“…141 Small-scale human studies evaluating melanoma incidence with elevated environmental exposure to selenium have shown both positive and negative correlations. 142,143 Vitamin D obtained from the diet and synthesized in the skin in response to UVB exposure has been advocated as a potential preventive agent for prostate, colon, and lung cancers. [144][145][146][147] Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that sunlight exposure may reduce the risk of non-Hodgkins lymphoma 148 and may be associated with improved survival in patients with early-stage melanoma.…”

Section: Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%