Environmental factors on seed germination, seedling survival and initial growth of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.)

Abstract

2 Investigador en manejo de cultivos tropicales, elaboración y aplicación de abonos orgánicos. RESUMEN Se evaluó el efecto de dos tutores y cinco tipos de biofertilizantes en el crecimiento y desarrollo de Plukenetia volubilis L. sacha inchi en un suelo de baja fertilidad. La plantación se estableció utilizando el diseño de bloques completos al azar en parcelas divididas, siendo las parcelas principales dos sistemas de tutor y las sub parcelas cinco tipos de biofertilizantes. Los cinco biofertilizantes fueron: Biol, Biol mas frutos de Solanum torvum, Biol más hojas de Carica papaya, Biol más hojas de Cymbopogon citratus y Biol más hojas de Chondrodendron tomentosum, más un testigo (SB) por cada sistema de tutor, teniendo un total de-1 doce tratamientos y tres bloques. Las dosis de aplicación fueron de 15 L.ha , divididas en aplicaciones-1 quincenales a razón de 1.5 L.ha en campo definitivo, las evaluaciones fueron realizadas cada quince días durante 5 meses. Los resultados indican que con los tratamientos T4 y T8 se redujeron los días para la fructificación, lográndose el mayor número de frutos con los tratamientos T4, T9 y T10, mejorando la productividad de plantas de P. volubilis L. ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effect of two tutors and five types of biofertilizers on growth and development of Plukenetia volubilis L. in a soil of low fertility. The plantation was established using design randomized complete block split plot, with the two sets of main plots and sub ​ ​ plots tutor five types of biofertilizers. Biofertilizer five were: Biol, Biol more fruits of Solanum torvum, Biol more Carica papaya leaves, Biol more Cymbopogon citratus sheets of and Biol more Chondrodendron tomentosum sheets, and a control (SB) for each tutor system, having a total twelve treatments and three blocks. The application rate was-1-1 15 l.ha , divided into fortnightly applications by 1.5 l.ha final field evaluations were performed every two weeks for 5 months. The results indicate that the T4 and T8 treatments reduced fruit set days and the highest number of fruits per plant was achieved with T4, T9 and T10 treatments, improving the productivity of plants of P. volubilis L.

Crop yield, genetic parameter estimation and selection of sacha inchi in central Amazon1

“…Seed characteristics were similar to those reported by Cardoso et al (2015) for germplasm from Brazil. In the current study, the average seed weight was 0.95 g (0.76-1.11 g), within the range reported for germplasm from Brazil, but considerably lower than the 1.33 g for the Peruvian germplasm (Yang et al 2015).…”

“…Average oil extraction yield was 29.07 %, in terms of oil mass (g) per 100 g of seeds, ranging from 10.20 % (in accession 23) to 57.97 % (in accession 2). This average value is lower than the 54.30 % yield reported by Follegatti-Romero et al (2009). According to Gutiérrez et al (2011), differences in oil content may be attributed to differences in subspecies, geographic and climatic conditions, time of seed harvest and extraction method.…”

“…Twelve months after the start of fruit production (18 MAP), there was a drastic decline in yield across all accessions, which may have been related to the decrease in rainfall and increase in maximum temperature, up to 36 ºC, in the period (Figure 1b). Even though the species has been shown to grow well at different temperatures, temperatures over 36 ºC may result in drop of flowers and newlyformed fruits (Céspedes 2006). Despite a slight recovery in November 2014, fruit yield declined further, reaching values close to zero in subsequent months of the following year (data not shown).…”

“…The crop was established using a vertical trellis support system, at a 3 m x 3 m spacing. All cultural practices necessary for crop development were conducted daily according to recommendations by Céspedes (2006), and a drip irrigation system was installed for use only in periods of drought.…”

“…In Brazil, sacha inchi oil is produced by hand from plant materials with no breeding or detailed information about the chemical composition of seeds, and research has focused on in vitro propagation efficiency (Bordignon et al 2012, Rodrigues et al 2014 and seed germination traits (Oliveira et al 2013, Cardoso et al 2015 of the species. To date, there are few studies examining the cultivation and agronomic traits of genotypes prospected and cultivated under Brazilian conditions.…”