Environmental Fate of Traffic-Derived Platinum Group Metals

Dubiella-Jackowska, Aleksandra; Kudłak, Błażej; Polkowska, Żaneta; Namieśnik, Jacek

doi:10.1080/10408340903001144

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…All concentrations were above the method quantification limit. Found concentrations for platinum ranged from 205 to 1445 ng g −1 , which is in the same order of magnitude as reported in the literature [ 29 – 32 ]. Concentrations of palladium ranged from 201 to 1230 ng g −1 , which is also in agreement with reported data [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Extraction and pre-concentration of platinum and palladium from microwave-digested road dust via ion exchanging mesoporous silica microparticles prior to their quantification by quadrupole ICP-MS

et al. 2015

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We report on the use of mesoporous silica microparticles (μPs) functionalized with quarternary amino groups for the isolation of platinum and palladium tetrachloro complexes from aqueous road dust digests. The μPs have a size ranging from 450 to 850 nm and are suspended directly in the aqueous digests, upon which the anionic Pt and Pd complexes are retained on the cationic surface. Subsequently, the μPs are separated by centrifugation. Elements that cause spectral interferences in ICP-MS determination of Pt and Pd can be quantitatively removed by adding fresh 0.240 mol L−1 HCl to the μPs and by repeating the centrifugation step. The analyte-loaded μPs are then dissolved in 0.1 mL of 2 mol L−1 HF, diluted to 2 mL, and the solutions thus obtained are analyzed by quadrupole ICP-MS. This method avoids analyte elution from the sorbent. This “dispersed particle extraction” approach yielded a run-to-run relative standard deviation ≤ 5 % for Pt and ≤ 4 % for Pd (at 0.1 ng mL−1, n = 4 road dust digests). Method detection limits (expressed as concentrations in the dust samples) are 2 and 1 ng g−1 for Pt and Pd, respectively. The method was validated by analysis of a reference material (BCR CRM 723) and applied to the analysis of road dust samples collected in downtown Vienna. Pt and Pd concentrations in samples collected in summer and in winter were compared, with concentrations ranging from 205 to 1445 ng g−1 for Pt and from 201 to 1230 ng g−1 for Pd.Graphical AbstractMesoporous silica microparticles (μPs) functionalized with quarternary amino groups were used for isolating platinum and palladium from aqueous road dust digests. The μPs were suspended directly in the aqueous digests, and the analyte-loaded μPs were analyzed using “dispersed particle extraction”.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Extraction and pre-concentration of platinum and palladium from microwave-digested road dust via ion exchanging mesoporous silica microparticles prior to their quantification by quadrupole ICP-MS

et al. 2015

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“…However, Pd and Pt can be converted into soluble forms, which become bioavailable and pose a serious threat to animals and plants [ 33 , 52 ]. Soil is one of the components of the environment most susceptible to PGE contamination [ 53 , 54 ]. Several studies have shown that human activity has caused an increase in the concentration of PGEs in the soil, especially near roads [ 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum and Palladium Accumulation in Edible Mushroom Boletus aereus Bull. Growing in Unpolluted Soils of Sicily Region (Italy)

Alaimo,

Varrica

2023

JoF

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Human exposure to certain metals occurs indirectly through diet. This study was conducted to determine the content of Pt and Pd in fruiting bodies of Boletus aereus Bull. collected from several wooded areas of Sicily with different substrates (sedimentary and volcanic) with limited anthropogenic influence. Determinations were performed by coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) to quantify Pt and Pd. The concentrations of investigated Pt and Pd in mushroom samples ranged from 0.31 to 3.09 ng g−1 for palladium and 0.21 to 4.22 ng g−1 for platinum. The results of the present study suggest that commonly consumed Boletus aereus mushrooms do not accumulate significant levels of Pt and Pd as demonstrated by bioconcentration factor (BCF) values, and their content is lower than in other food products. Additionally, based on the calculated daily intake rates of Pt and Pd, it can be concluded that occasional consumption of fruiting bodies of B. aereus collected in Sicily is safe. The proposed methodological approach appears to be fully adequate for the reliable quantification of Pt and Pd. The data obtained in this investigation confirm that mushrooms are probative of a significant portion of the total exposure to PGEs due to the diet.

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“…There have been numerous studies on the uptake of PGMs into plants, animals, and the food chain [212,217]. While the release of metallic PGMs into the environment may not be considered particularly harmful because of their low toxicity, there are routes to bioavailability through platino-chloro complexes and amino-platino-nitrates [218]. Airborne auto catalysts particulates [213] deposited in rats lungs, rather than being inert, were apparently dissolved to some extent because they were present in blood and other organs [219], indicating that ingestion via the lungs was possible.…”

Section: Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Group Metals: A Review of Resources, Production and Usage with a Focus on Catalysts

et al. 2021

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The major applications of PGMs are as catalysts in automotive industry, petroleum refining, environmental (gas remediation), industrial chemical production (e.g., ammonia production, fine chemicals), electronics, and medical fields. As the next generation energy technologies for hydrogen production, such as electrolysers and fuel cells for stationary and transport applications, become mature, the demand for PGMs is expected to further increase. Reserves and annual production of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt have been determined and reported. Based on currently available resources, there is around 200 years lifetime based on current demand for all PGMs, apart from Pd, which may be closer to 100 years. Annual primary production of 190 t/a for Pt and 217 t/a for Pd, in combination with recycling of 65.4 t/a for Pt and 97.2 t/a for Pd, satisfies current demand. By far, the largest demand for PGMs is for all forms of catalysis, with the largest demand in auto catalysis. In fact, the biggest driver of demand and price for Pt, Pd, and Rh, in particular, is auto emission regulation, which has driven auto-catalyst design. Recovery of PGMs through recycling is generally good, but some catalytic processes, particularly auto-catalysis, result in significant dissipation. In the US, about 70% of the recycling stream from the end-of-life vehicles is a significant source of global secondary PGMs recovered from spent auto-catalyst. The significant use of PGMs in the large global auto industry is likely to continue, but the long-term transition towards electric vehicles will alter demand profiles.

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Environmental Fate of Traffic-Derived Platinum Group Metals

Cited by 27 publications

References 135 publications

Extraction and pre-concentration of platinum and palladium from microwave-digested road dust via ion exchanging mesoporous silica microparticles prior to their quantification by quadrupole ICP-MS

Extraction and pre-concentration of platinum and palladium from microwave-digested road dust via ion exchanging mesoporous silica microparticles prior to their quantification by quadrupole ICP-MS

Platinum and Palladium Accumulation in Edible Mushroom Boletus aereus Bull. Growing in Unpolluted Soils of Sicily Region (Italy)

Platinum Group Metals: A Review of Resources, Production and Usage with a Focus on Catalysts

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