Environmental forcing of phytoplankton community structure and function in the Canadian High Arctic: contrasting oligotrophic and eutrophic regions

Ardyna, Mathieu; Gosselin, Michel; Michel, Christine; Poulin, Michel; Tremblay, J.-E.

doi:10.3354/meps09378

Cited by 162 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…In the Cape Bathurst polynya at the eastern boundary of the study area, however, rates are apparently higher, reaching 90 to 175 g C m −2 yr −1 as based on satellite estimates (Arrigo and van Dijken, 2004). Ardyna et al (2011) reported daily primary production rates of 159 ± 123 mg C m −2 d −1 in summer and fall, and intensive phytoplankton blooms related to ice-edge upwelling events were documented for coastal regions of the Mackenzie Shelf and Amundsen Gulf in 2008 (Mundy et al, 2009;Tremblay et al, 2011). An annual vertical POC flux of 1.6-1.8 g C m −2 yr −1 and 2.4 g C m −2 yr −1 was estimated at 200 m water depth for the Mackenzie Shelf and the Cape Bathurst polynya, respectively (Forest et al, 2007;Lalande et al, 2009;O'Brien et al, 2006).…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate benthic ecosystem functioning in the Arctic – benthic fluxes explained by environmental parameters in the southeastern Beaufort Sea

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The effects of climate change on Arctic marine ecosystems and their biogeochemical cycles are difficult to predict given the complex physical, biological and chemical interactions among the ecosystem components. We studied benthic biogeochemical fluxes in the Arctic and the influence of short-term (seasonal to annual), long-term (annual to decadal) and other environmental variability on their spatial distribution to provide a baseline for estimates of the impact of future changes. In summer 2009, we measured fluxes of dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, soluble reactive phosphate and silicic acid at the sediment–water interface at eight sites in the southeastern Beaufort Sea at water depths from 45 to 580 m. The spatial pattern of the measured benthic boundary fluxes was heterogeneous. Multivariate analysis of flux data showed that no single or reduced combination of fluxes could explain the majority of spatial variation, indicating that oxygen flux is not representative of other nutrient sink–source dynamics. We tested the influence of eight environmental parameters on single benthic fluxes. Short-term environmental parameters (sinking flux of particulate organic carbon above the bottom, sediment surface Chl a) were most important for explaining oxygen, ammonium and nitrate fluxes. Long-term parameters (porosity, surface manganese and iron concentration, bottom water oxygen concentrations) together with δ13Corg signature explained most of the spatial variation in phosphate, nitrate and nitrite fluxes. Variation in pigments at the sediment surface was most important to explain variation in fluxes of silicic acid. In a model including all fluxes synchronously, the overall spatial distribution could be best explained (57%) by the combination of sediment Chl a, phaeopigments, δ13Corg, surficial manganese and bottom water oxygen concentration. We conclude that it is necessary to consider long-term environmental variability along with rapidly ongoing environmental changes to predict the flux of oxygen and nutrients across Arctic sediments even at short timescales. Our results contribute to improve ecological models predicting the impact of climate change on the functioning of marine ecosystems.

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Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate benthic ecosystem functioning in the Arctic – benthic fluxes explained by environmental parameters in the southeastern Beaufort Sea

et al. 2013

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“…These SCM are located relatively high in the euphotic zone and show a strong association with the nitracline by comparison with those observed in other oceans (e.g., SCM in tropical oceans are located at the base of or below the euphotic zone, above the nitracline and do not correspond to a biomass or productivity maximum; Martin et al, 2010). Arctic SCM communities are numerically dominated by flagellates with important contributions of large-sized diatoms (Ardyna et al, 2011;Palmer et al, 2011;Martin et al, 2010) that presumably account for a disproportionate share of the carbon biomass and productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these processes constrain the timing of algal production and impose large, short-term light fluctuations during the growth period, first-order differences in the annual primary production of seasonally open waters ultimately depend on mixing regime, which modulates the supply of nitrogen (N) to the upper euphotic zone (Tremblay and Gagnon, 2009;Ardyna et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritive and photosynthetic ecology of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in Canadian Arctic waters

Martin¹,

Tremblay²,

Price

2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Assessments of carbon and nitrogen (N) assimilation in Canadian Arctic waters confirmed the large contribution of subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM) to total water-column production from spring to late fall. Although SCM communities showed acclimation to low irradiance and greater nitrate (NO − 3 ) availability, their productivity was generally constrained by light and temperature. During springearly summer, most of the primary production at the SCM was sustained by NO − 3 , with an average f -ratio (i.e., relative contribution of NO − 3 uptake to total N uptake) of 0.74 ± 0.26. The seasonal decrease in NO − 3 availability and irradiance, coupled to the build up of ammonium (NH + 4 ), favoured a transition toward a predominantly regenerative system (fratio = 0.37 ± 0.20) during late summer and fall. Results emphasize the need to adequately consider SCM when estimating primary production and to revisit ecosystem model parameters in highly stratified Arctic waters.

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“…Dams are thought to have profound effects on the composition and abundance of both terrestrial and aquatic organisms such as phytoplankton assemblages are effected by low water exchange ratio, prevailing environmental conditions and dam operations [11,12]. Although several studies have been carried out on phytoplankton communities in dams, closed lakes or ponds around the world [1,7,13,14] but data on comparison of phytoplankton communities in similar habitat are scarce. It is assumed that same habitat should have similar phytoplankton communities [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phytoplankton Assemblages and Physico-Chemical Characterization in Three Similar Dams

Rostamian¹,

Masoudi²,

Gerami³

2015

Fish Aquac J

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The present preliminary study was undertaken from April to September 2013 in order to assess the limnological factors and phytoplankton communities in three dams, having depth of 6 m and area of 10 ± 2 Hectares, at Node Khanduz (Dam 1), Seyed Abad (Dam 2) and Marzban (Dam 3) in Azad Shahr, Gorgan, Iran. During the study period, a total number of 8 families and 28 genera were identified from all sampling sites. Of these 28 genera, 6 genera were belonging to family Bacillariophyceae, 5 genera were from Cyanophyceae, 2 genera from Charophycea, 2 genera from Chrysophyceae, 2 genera from Euglenophyceae, 8 genera from Chlorophyceae, 2 genera from Dinophyceae and 1 genus was belonging to Xanthophyceae. It was concluded that all the dams were having very well balanced phytoplankton communities yet changes in individuals' composition and numbers were significantly varying among the three studied dams. Further studies focusing on other factors such as presence of heavy metals in the dams and of lengthy periods are recommended.

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Environmental forcing of phytoplankton community structure and function in the Canadian High Arctic: contrasting oligotrophic and eutrophic regions

Cited by 162 publications

References 123 publications

Multivariate benthic ecosystem functioning in the Arctic – benthic fluxes explained by environmental parameters in the southeastern Beaufort Sea

Multivariate benthic ecosystem functioning in the Arctic – benthic fluxes explained by environmental parameters in the southeastern Beaufort Sea

Nutritive and photosynthetic ecology of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in Canadian Arctic waters

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phytoplankton Assemblages and Physico-Chemical Characterization in Three Similar Dams

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