Environmental Impact Assessment of Taza City’s Wastewater: Application through Principal Component Analysis

Abstract

Taza City is among the Moroccan cities which is in full urban expansion, with a daily wastewater discharge volume estimated at 16534 m3/d in 2020, and expected to reach 20056 m3/d by 2030. These waters, collected in a combined sewerage network, are directly released into the natural environment without any treatment. Indeed, a large part of this water is discharged into Oued Defali, the main tributary of Oued Larbâa. In order to manage and better understand these discharges impact on the streams crossing this city, wastewater sampling campaigns were carried out for one year from May 2018 to April 2019 at domestic (S1) and industrial (S2) sites. The wastewater physicochemical characterization revealed that these discharges are highly loaded with organic matter in terms of chemical oxygen demand (S1 avg = 1231.44 mg/l and S2 avg = 933.03 mg/l), biochemical oxygen demand (S1 avg = 511.87 mg/l and S2 avg = 464.35 mg/l), and suspended matter (S1 avg = 744.11 mg/l and S2 avg = 578.13 mg/l). The use of principal component analysis (PCA) has allowed us to collect as much information as possible from the database of the physicochemical analyses performed for the studied parameters.

Analysis of Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Parameters of Liquid Effluents from the Provincial Hospital Center in Sidi Kacem Morocco

“…This biodegradable organic matter is evaluated by the consumption of oxygen by the microorganisms involved in natural purification mechanisms (1) . The results found show an evolution of the average values between 34.99 and 91.49 mg/l with a total average value of 61.75 mg/l in the six months of study, which is higher than the WHO standard of 30 mg/l, and comparable to other results found by : Touzani and al with an average of 488.11 mg/l (26) , and Nourdine and al with a value of 737.5 mg/l (27) .…”

“…Represent all mineral and organic particles contained in the wastewater. The knowledge of the concentration of colloidal elements in wastewater is necessary to evaluate the impact of pollution on the aquatic environment (26) . The average values found in our study are between 92.46 and 259.53 mg/l, these values largely exceed the WHO standard which is 20 mg/l, and the Moroccan norm of 30 mg/l, these high concentrations can have a very harmful impact on the environment through the soil clogging and the reduction of the light penetration in the water (15) .…”

Characterization of Ziziphus lotus’ Activated Carbon and Evaluation of Its Adsorption Potential

“…Currently, these resources are facing problems of quantity and quality, related to global warming and irrational use. Thus, their quality is increasingly worsened by various pollutant discharges, such as urban and industrial wastewaters [ 1 ], leading to pollution of surface water, groundwater, and soil, which can directly affect ecosystems and the services they provide [ 2 ].…”

Research on Ecological Evaluation Model Based on Principal Component Analysis

“…Principal component analysis still plays an important role in environmental assessment in recent years. this year, many scholars use it to analyze environmental assessment problems and draw convincing conclusions [6][7][8][9]. Therefore, this paper also plans to use principal component analysis to evaluate the environmental quality since the implementation of environmental control measures in Saihanba.…”