Environmental Impact of Electric and Biodiesel Car - A Review

Abstract

The transport industry has been an important sector, and controls a major portion in the country’s economy. The transport sector are mainly dependent on fossil fuels. The amount of fossil fuels is limited and if we deplete the fossil fuels the future will be doubtful. The use of fossil fuels generate a lot of hazardous pollution such as CO, unburnt HC, NOx and emission of greenhouse gases. Recently the environmental problems are increasing day by day because of the emissions. Therefore there is requirement to shift to cleaner fuels or alternate fuels. As the emissions are rising the demand for alternate fuels are increasing day by day. It is estimated that in the US, transportation sector consumes about 62% of the oil imported. Because of the rise in demand many researches have been made in the field of alternate fuels. Fuels with high oxygen content have the possibility to be used as an alternate fuel. Biodiesel is a substitute of diesel fuel, compound of ester (higher oxygen content). Another alternate to conventional fuels if the electric vehicles. The hybrid electric vehicle are mainly of two types on the basis of powertrain, firstly parallel and secondly series. The paper is a review work on different types of fuels used and throws light on the upper hand and downsides of the different fuels used. It also exhibits the effect of these fuels on the environment.