Environmental Influence of growth regulators and light condition on some callus traits of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L. ) in vitro

Abstract

The study carried out in plant tissue culture laboratory at Department of Biology - College of Science - University of Al-Qadisiyah, included several experiments on the effect of different growth regulators concentration of auxins and cytokinins on the growth and characteristics of callus of Rosmarinus officinalis L. growing under light and dark conditions. Explant ( tops and the lateral buds with a length of 0.5-1.0 cm) sterilized with ethanol solution and sodium hypochlorate, then growing on MS medium with added different concentrations of growth regulators and incubated in the growth chamber under the influence of lighting factor (light and dark) at a temperature of 25 °C, the data were taken every week and after 45 days of cultivation that. The best combination 2,4-D 1.0 mg/l with BA 0.5 mg/l that gave the largest callus weight in the light 3.75 gm, while in the dark, the best combination 1.0 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l BA gave the largest callus weight 3.60 gm, same combination which gave the highest percentage of callus emergence after 2 weeks was 100% in the dark and 95% in the light. The texture, color and shape of the callus varied as the combination

Response of Two Rosa sp. to Light Quality in Vitro.

“…Generally, callus with active growth and friable structure was easy to dedifferentiate, and the light intensity had a greater influence on the texture, color, shape, and physiological state of the callus, where the reason for this induced callus growth may be natural auxin levels increased under darkness or lower light intensity [29]. As result, the oxidation processes of phenolic compounds induced by light exposure [30] [31], therefore, the callus showed a higher browning rate and darker browning color under a higher light intensity which was reflected in the growth and development of callus and explants in vitro.…”

Effect of Growth Regulators and Melatonin on Growth and Production Active Substances of Mentha piperita L. in-Vitro

“…Likewise, the cytokinin unit in an appropriate concentration, as it indicates the balance between positive and negative charges on both ends of the cell membrane, which leads to the absorption of other growth regulators that contribute to a high level of bio-building Such as an increase in proteins, carbohydrates and cell division, which leads to an increase in fresh weight [17], as for a When the concentration of NAA was increased to (2.0), the weight decreased significantly because NAA causes inhibition of plant growth because its destruction is slow in tissues, as there is no enzymatic activity directly affecting them. As for the other factor of the experiment, melatonin had a significant effect of (0.5) because As a plant growth regulator and a biostimulator, it stimulates stem elongation and stimulates the growth of leaves and roots [18,19,20], thus increasing the biomass of the whole plant. The optimum concentration was NAA (1.0), BA (0.5), and melanin (5) Also, the data were shown in Tables (3-4-5-6) concerning the results of diagnosing the specific active compounds according to GC-MS technology of the alcoholic extract of the shoot of peppermint, where the compounds were identified according to the time of detention and the relative area as well.…”

Response Catharanthus roseus to Plant Growth Regulators in vitro

“…Through the above result, it became clear the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite in getting rid of contamination of plant parts. Many researchers explained the use of sodium hypochlorite for external sterilization of plant parts because it has high effectiveness in getting rid of pollutants and at the same time does not harm the plant [21]. This efficiency is due to The presence of hypochlorous acid (HOCL) in the form of a strong oxidizing substance [22].…”