Environmental risk assessment of pesticide mixtures under regulation 1107/2009/EC: a regulatory review by the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA)

Frische, Tobias; Matezki, Steffen; Wogram, Jörn

doi:10.1007/s00003-014-0916-6

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The third tentative category, ‘> 10% STU’, relates to the predicted contribution of the individual additive to the joint toxicity (sum of toxic units, STU) as predicted by CA. In the context of plant protection products, a substance may be deemed as dominating the mixture if it contributes > 90% to the overall toxicity [ 20 ]. Hence, in the present study, a substance was tentatively deemed not relevant if it was predicted to contribute less than 10% STU.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk assessment of biocidal products: identification of relevant components and reliability of a component-based mixture assessment

et al. 2018

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BackgroundBiocidal products are mixtures of one or more active substances (a.s.) and a broad range of formulation additives. There is regulatory guidance currently under development that will specify how the combined effects of the a.s. and any relevant formulation additives shall be considered in the environmental risk assessment of biocidal products. The default option is a component-based approach (CBA) by which the toxicity of the product is predicted from the toxicity of ‘relevant’ components using concentration addition. Hence, unequivocal and practicable criteria are required for identifying the ‘relevant’ components to ensure protectiveness of the CBA, while avoiding unnecessary workload resulting from including by default components that do not significantly contribute to the product toxicity. The present study evaluated a set of different criteria for identifying ‘relevant’ components using confidential information on the composition of 21 wood preservative products. Theoretical approaches were complemented by experimentally testing the aquatic toxicity of seven selected products.ResultsFor three of the seven tested products, the toxicity was underestimated for the most sensitive endpoint (green algae) by more than factor 2 if only the a.s. were considered in the CBA. This illustrated the necessity of including at least some additives along with the a.s. Considering additives that were deemed ‘relevant’ by the tentatively established criteria reduced the underestimation of toxicity for two of the three products. A lack of data for one specific additive was identified as the most likely reason for the remaining toxicity underestimation of the third product. In three other products, toxicity was overestimated by more than factor 2, while prediction and observation fitted well for the seventh product. Considering all additives in the prediction increased only the degree of overestimation.ConclusionsSupported by theoretical calculations and experimental verifications, the present study developed criteria for the identification of CBA-relevant components in a biocidal product. These criteria are based on existing criteria stated in the regulation for classification, labelling and packaging of substances. The CBA was found sufficiently protective and reliable for the tested products when applying the here recommended criteria. The lack of available aquatic toxicity data for some of the identified relevant components was the main reason for underestimation of product toxicity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk assessment of biocidal products: identification of relevant components and reliability of a component-based mixture assessment

et al. 2018

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“…It is well known that environmental pollution can pose risks on food safety and finally threatens human health. A further analysis revealed that a lot of studies were related to risk assessment, such as risk assessment of antimicrobial resistance (Likotrafiti et al 2018;Pires et al 2018), risk assessment of heavy metals (Yasotha et al 2020), risk assessment of pesticide (Frische et al 2014), risk assessment of veterinary drugs (Tsai et al 2019), environmental risk assessment (More et al 2020), and health risk assessment (Akhbarizadeh et al 2020). The next one was efficacy, which was usually combined together with safety, such as safety and efficacy of feed additives (Bampidis et al 2020).…”

Section: A Scientometric Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment and food safety: a novel integrative review

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Environment protection and food safety are two critical issues in the world. In this review, a novel approach which integrates statistical study and subjective discussion was adopted to review recent advances on environment and food safety. Firstly, a scientometric-based statistical study was conducted based on 4904 publications collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. It was found that the research on environment and food safety was growing steadily from 2001 to 2020. Interestingly, the statistical analysis of most-cited papers, titles, abstracts, keywords, and research areas revealed that the research on environment and food safety was diverse and multidisciplinary. In addition to the scientometric study, strategies to protect environment and ensure food safety were critically discussed, followed by a discussion on the emerging research topics, including emerging contaminates (e.g., microplastics), rapid detection of contaminants (e.g., biosensors), and environment friendly food packaging materials (e.g., biodegradable polymers). Finally, current challenges and future research directions were proposed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-16069-6.

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“…selected products, application rate, application dates) are very different and can hardly be grouped into similar strategies 18 . The experimental testing of the impact of “all theoretically possible multiple environmental exposures resulting from plant protection product application is neither realizable nor pertinent“ 19 . Therefore, the use of risk indicator models is essential to estimate environmental risks resulting from actual pesticide applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide use in sugar beet cultivation in Germany and assessment of the associated environmental risks using the risk indicator SYNOPS‐GIS

Nause¹,

Strassemeyer

Mahlein³

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND The assessment of the environmental risks for pesticides is a current topic of the European Union (EU) strategy ‘Farm to Fork’. Therefore, an analysis of the status quo of pesticide use from 2010 to 2015 and the associated environmental risks was performed for sugar beet cultivation in Germany. Based on this assessment, crop protection strategies should be developed that contribute to risk reduction. RESULTS Pesticide use data from 2314 randomly chosen sugar beet growing farms were available from annual farm surveys from 2010 until 2015. Possible environmental risks from pesticide applications were calculated with the model SYNOPS‐GIS. Each pesticide application pattern was combined with several model fields. The concentrations of active ingredients in the non‐target compartments, namely soil, neighboring surface waters and field margins, were used to determined risk indices (exposure toxicity ratios, ETRs) for different terrestrial and aquatic reference species. ETRs were mainly lower than a risk threshold used throughout this study (ETR = 1). The risks caused by herbicide use were studied in more detail since herbicides are applied on nearly all fields. The aquatic risks posed by herbicides were independent of specific active ingredients or application patterns. Instead, certain combinations of active ingredients, application dates and field‐specific environmental conditions provoked higher risks. The aquatic risks were strongly influenced by the distance of the fields to surface waters. CONCLUSIONS Further risk mitigation seems possible by combining field‐specific measures and technical options. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Environmental risk assessment of pesticide mixtures under regulation 1107/2009/EC: a regulatory review by the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA)

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Environmental risk assessment of biocidal products: identification of relevant components and reliability of a component-based mixture assessment

Environmental risk assessment of biocidal products: identification of relevant components and reliability of a component-based mixture assessment

Environment and food safety: a novel integrative review

Pesticide use in sugar beet cultivation in Germany and assessment of the associated environmental risks using the risk indicator SYNOPS‐GIS

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