The main goal of the Special Issue is to reflect and analyze ESG issues to provide important insights into the positive and negative implications for corporate strategy, financial and operational performance and stakeholder relations. New implications for companies and for stakeholders associated with ESG rules and practices as well as suggestions to guide policy making, have been addressed in the Special Issue.
| BACKGROUND AND FOCUS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUEThe number of firms that employ sustainability strategies and disclose Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) information is growing worldwide, as ESG concerns are rapidly increasing (Engle III et al., 2020). As pointed out by Larry Fink, Blackrock Chairman and CEO, in his 2020 letter to the CEOs of portfolio companies, "BlackRock announced a number of initiatives to place sustainability at the center of our investment approach, including: making sustainability integral to portfolio construction and risk management; exiting investments that present a high sustainability-related risk, such as thermal coal producers; launching new investment products that screen fossil fuels; and strengthening our commitment to sustainability and transparency in our investment stewardship activities." Moreover, in 2019, the CEOs of nearly 200 companies declared that shareholder value is no longer their main objective and are abandoning the long-held view that shareholders' interests should come first (Business Roundtable, 2019), bearing in mind that "Most CEOs want to do the right thing by all their stakeholders, and most shareholders want to support them in being responsible" (Summers, 2019). This rethinking of purpose is in line with an increasing number of companies that have voluntarily integrated social and environmental policies in their business model and operations, reporting their environmental and social performance, in addition to their financial performance (Serafeim, 2014).
Corporate governance and sustainability concerns have gained