Envisioning systemic effects on persons and society throughout interactive system design

Eliciting Values Reflections by Engaging Privacy Futures Using Design Workbooks

“…The workbooks also work as a set of probes [23,34] eliciting conversations about values that may prove inspirational for design, similar to other scenario-or artifact-based values in design work (e.g., [9,13,34,45,55]). However, our speculative design artifacts were created through a research through design process and were created to explicitly explore and reflect on privacy by use of a privacy analytical framework [66], before being shared with participants, giving the designs a theoretical and analytical depth specific to privacy.…”

Design methods for ethical persuasive computing

“…Both Berdichevsky and Neuenschwander [2] and Nathan et al [30] propose envisioning the negative implications of technologies from a design noir or "dark side" perspective. But where Berdichevsky and Neuenschwander's "dark side designs" provide a simple approach to help students and designers consider the darker side of persuasive technology in general, Nathan et al's "value scenarios" aim to help the designer anticipate systemic effects of a specific technology.…”

“…By contrast, Nathan et al's value scenarios method involves writing stories about how people use a technology, often not as the designer intended [30]. While the technologies Nathan et al explore arise from good intentions-for example, the hypothetical SafetyNet system is intended to help vulnerable people avoid unsafe neighborhoods-value scenarios focus on possible negative effects of those seemingly positive technologies.…”

Designing robots with care

“…Following this, still during the phase of idea generation, the engineer and/or ethicist visits the hospital or nursing home to understand care in context; the number and variety of practices and their link with one another. In this way, the engineer/ethicist can also observe how values are translated and ranked in context which conforms with the suggestions of Nathan et al [2008] building on the traditional VSD methodology. Above all, however, the engineer/ethicist will understand where in fact there is a relevant need for a robot's assistance.…”

“…Because of this, Le Dantec et al suggest a way in which the methodology of VSD may be strengthened, through an uncovering of values in situ, or discovering values through experiencing the practice [Le Dantec et al, 2009]. This is of course due to the idea that dierences exist between designers' values and users' values [Nathan et al, 2008] The idea of embedded values is best understood as a claim that technological artefacts have built-in tendencies to promote or demote the realization of particular values. These tendencies are manifest through consequences and thus a built-in value is a special sort of built-in consequence [Brey , 2010, p. 3].…”