Enzymatic activities and analysis of a mycelium-based composite formation using peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) residues on Lentinula edodes

Abstract

By seeding fungus on top of industry residues, a mycelium can grow and form a compact network structure; however, it may not develop due to lack of optimal nutrients from the substrate. Consequently, peach palm residues can be a potential alternative; so, to test this hypothesis, this work evaluates the effect of peach palm residues as substrate for the growth of mycelium based on Lentinula edodes . They were also supplemented with cassava bran and various sources of nitrogen – ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate and soy flour – in order to analyse its effects on its physico-chemical, enzymatic activities and thermal and mechanical properties of the final composite at 12 and 20 days of cultivation. This mycelium was able to grow at optimum source treatment conditions, that depends on the ratio of Carbon to Nitrogen, within only 12 days of inoculation. Furthermore, the enzyme activities directly correlate with the mycelium growth with optimum conditions of pH, water activity and moisture for L. edod es to grow having lower enzyme activities for a well-developed composite; whereas higher activities were seen for a weakly developed material. and this material demonstrate mechanical and thermal properties similar to common mycelium-based composites Therefore, this work demonstrates that peach palm residues can be a potential alternative for mycelium-based composite

Mechanical, Physical, and Chemical Properties of Mycelium-Based Composites Produced from Various Lignocellulosic Residues and Fungal Species

“…Several research studies have concluded that MBCs can be defined as hydroscopic materials, while the water absorption ability of MBCs was influenced by the type of substrate and fungal species. This characteristic is usually associated with a cellulose component (a large number of accessible hydroxyl groups) and hydrophilic mycelium [19,21,28,29,32,36,42,[95][96][97]. Therefore, the differences in the water absorption abilities of various MBCs were found to be related to differences in the chemical components of the composites.…”

“…Furthermore, mycelium-based construction materials derived from MBCs have been developed on a laboratory scale in several cumulative forms, including block materials, particle board, acoustic materials, thermal insulation, cladding materials, surface materials (thin sheets and film), and paste materials [19,[26][27][28][29][30][31]. MBCs are generated from various forms of lignocellulosic residues and fungal species that are available in each country [27,32]. However, different species of fungi and different substrate types can directly affect the properties of the final products and the functional aspects of the resulting MBCs [23,24,27,32].…”

“…MBCs are generated from various forms of lignocellulosic residues and fungal species that are available in each country [27,32]. However, different species of fungi and different substrate types can directly affect the properties of the final products and the functional aspects of the resulting MBCs [23,24,27,32]. Therefore, this study aimed to produce MBCs from different forms of lignocellulosic residues (including sawdust, corn husk, and rice straw) and fungal species (Ganoderma fornicatum, Ganoderma williamsianum, Lentinus sajor-caju, and Schizophyllum commune).…”