Enzymatic Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue Royal (RB 19) textile dye by White Rot Fungi

Abstract

Synthetic dyes are widely used by different industries with over 7 ×10 5 metric tons produced globally each year. Dyes pose adverse effects including chemical oxygen demand, visual pollution, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity on various types of living organisms. The versatile white rot fungi (basidiomycetes fungi) have developed specialized ligninolytic enzymes for reductive cleavage of dyes and xenobiotics. The present study optimized the decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue royal (RBBR) dye by enzymatic extracts of Coriolus versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus. Experiments were carried out by varying one parameter i.e. pH (2.5-6.5), temperature (30 o C-60 o C), enzyme activity (3.3U-20U), dye concentration (10mg/L-125mg/L) and time (0-480mins), while others constant to study its effects on decolorization of RBBR. From the results obtained, the optimum conditions for decolorization of RBBR by extracts of C. versicolor and P. ostreatus were pH 4.0, temperature of 30 0 C, enzyme activity 20U, dye concentrations of 100mg/L and 50mg/L for C. versicolor and P. ostreatus respectively at the end of 480 minutes. At the optimized conditions, decolorizations for C. versicolor and P. ostreatus were 80.42% and 70.42% respectively. Highest laccase activity (19.50U) was recorded in C. versicolor compared to P. ostreatus (1.41U).

Efficacy of Fungi in the Decolorization and Detoxification of Remazol Brilliant Blue Dye in Aquatic Environments

“…This study revealed that the fungal strains SN40b and SN8c have RBB dye decolorization capabilities of up to 95% after five days of treatment. In this regard, Afiya, et al [ 39 ] reported the decolorization capabilities of Pleurotus ostreatus and Coriolus versicolor of up to 70% and 80%, respectively, against RBB dye in eight days of treatment. The strains evaluated in this study showed better results than the previously reported fungal isolates.…”

Recent Progress and Prospects in Catalytic Water Treatment

“…Experiments carried out in a low nitrogen medium with a series fungi and mushrooms secreting different enzymes showed their capability to degrade such molecules. The list includes the following fungi: Sordaria fimicola (catalase, laccase, superoxide dismutase), Halosarpheia ratnagiriensis ( Pleurotus ostreatus ), and Flavodon flavus (oxidative (laccase, manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase) the former two belonging to the Ascomycota and the third to the Basidiomycotas isolated from mangrove sediment (glucose oxidase and glyoxal oxidase) ( S. fimicola ), Coriolus versicolor (manganese peroxidase and laccase), and hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases, xylanases and tanases)), Ganodermalucidum (cellulase and hemicellulase lignocellulolytic enzymes), Agaricus brasiliensis (manganese peroxidase).…”

The recent status of synthetic dyes mycoremediation: A review

“…The cell immobilization technique captures cells by attachment to the matrix through chemical binding and self-adhesion or physical entrapment in the gaps of fibrous or porous materials [43]. The immobilization technique has several advantages: ease of application, can be reused and regenerated, lower production costs, increased degradation efficiency, and increased resistance to environmental exchange like pH and temperature [48,49]. Another advantage of cell immobilization is that it can reduce protease activity and the risk of contamination [46].…”

“…Research results from Arikan et al [49] noted that Penicillium glabrum Pg1 (PG) mobilized in macroporous polymeric support (MPPS) was able to degrade textile waste by 98.2% and remove COD by 69.8% within three days at pH 5.5. PG immobilized in MPPS can be used for textile waste treatment without dilution and additional nutrient sources.…”

“…We are known as mycoremediation. However, mycoremediation have several obstacles, such as direct use of fungi can cause blockages in the bioreactor system due to the difficulty of separating the solid and liquid phases; requires a reasonably expensive medium; takes a long time for complete degradation due to the quite long of the fungus growth phase [49] and is prone to contaminants. Other technologies are needed to make mycoremediation more efficient and cheaper.…”