Enzymatic degradation of polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera: an efficient way to enhance its antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities

Preparation of low molecular weight Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide and its antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities

“…With the decrease in molecular weight, the DPPH scavenging capacity was increased and reached 48.15% for EPF5, According to Zhou and Chen's research, the lower the molecular weight, the better the DPPH free radical scavenging ability. Zhou et al (2021) found that the in vitro antioxidant activity of pectinase and glucoamylase degraded polysaccharides was significantly higher than that of EP (Zhou et al, 2021). The study by Chen et al (2019) also showed that the DPPH free radical scavenging ability was gradually increased with a decrease in the molecular weight of fucoidan at the same concentration (Chen et al, 2019).…”

“…According to Wang et al (2021) when the enzymatically degraded fucoidan was graded through an ultrafiltration system, the tyrosinase inhibition rate significantly ascended with the reduction in molecular weight from 8.2 ± 1.3% (MW > 100 kDa) to 52.4 ± 3.6% (MW < 5 kDa) (Wang et al, 2021). Zhou et al (2021) reported that he inhibition rates of the hydrolysate obtained with 3 h hydrolysis from EP on monophenolase and diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase were measured as 32.7% and 39.1%, respectively, while those values for crude EP were 16.3% and 21.1%.while those values for EP were 16.3% and 21.1%, respectively (Zhou et al, 2021). Our results were consistent with this study, i.e., the lower the molecular weight, the better the tyrosinase inhibitory activity.…”

“…The enzymatically degraded polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera are found to have stronger tyrosinase inhibitory effects than the raw polysaccharides. The inhibition of the degraded polysaccharides on the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase is found to be reversible and of a competitive-uncompetitive mixed type (Zhou et al, 2021). Besides the studies mentioned above, the research on the anti-tyrosinase activity of EP is very limited.…”

“…Thus, EP holds a promising potential in the food industry as a new functional food, or as an additive in the cosmetics industry for natural products-based cosmeceuticals (Arokiarajan et al, 2022;Fernando et al, 2019). The most important activity of EP is the antioxidant activity, which is closely related to the anti-aging, antitumor, and other properties of polysaccharides (Zhou et al, 2021). Because of the waste utilization, high content, and excellent bioactivities of EP, its extraction and investigation of the antioxidant activity add to the high-valued utilization of Enteromorpha prolifera (Wassie et al, 2021).…”

“…It is the ratelimiting enzyme in the production of dopa from tyrosine and its subsequent oxidation to melanin (Goenka & Simon, 2021). Thus, it is associated with skin health and undesirable enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables (Zhou et al, 2021). Therefore, the inhibitors of tyrosinase which can be considered antioxidants, are extensively used in cosmetics and medical industries as depigmenting agents and in food and agriculture industries as antibrowning agents (Zhang et al, 2021).…”