Enzymatic hydrolysis of water‐soluble wheat arabinoxylan. 1. Synergy between α‐L‐arabinofuranosidases, endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanases, and β‐xylosidase activities

Abstract

Hydrolysis of arabinoxylan is an important prerequisite for improved utilization of wheat hemicellulose in the ethanol fermentation industry. This study investigates the individual and combined efficiencies of three commercial, cellulytic and hemicellulytic enzyme preparations, Celluclast 1.5 L, Ultraflo L, and Viscozyme L, in catalyzing the liberation of arabinose and xylose from water-soluble wheat arabinoxylan. Ultraflo L was the best enzyme preparation for releasing arabinose, liberating 53 wt% of the theoretical maximum after 48 h of reaction (10 wt% enzyme/substrate ratio, 40 degrees C, pH 6). Celluclast 1.5 L was superior to the other enzyme preparations in releasing xylose, liberating 26 wt% of the theoretical maximum after 48 h of reaction (10 wt% enzyme/substrate ratio, 50 degrees C, pH 5). The 50:50 mixtures of the enzyme preparations showed no synergistic cooperation in arabinose release, but a synergistic interaction in xylose release was found between Ultraflo L and Celluclast 1.5 L. On the basis of high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) analysis of the hydrolysates after enzymatic reaction, we propose that the observed synergism between Celluclast 1.5 L and Ultraflo L is the result of positive interaction between alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and endo-1,4-beta-xylanase activities present in Ultraflo L that released arabinose, xylobiose and xylotriose, and beta-xylosidase activities in Celluclast 1.5 L, capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of xylobiose and xylotriose to xylose.

Enzyme system of Clostridium stercorarium for hydrolysis of arabinoxylan: reconstitution of the in vivo system from recombinant enzymes

“…The removal of the side chains enhances the activity of the endoxylanases towards the molecular backbone, as has been documented in synergism experiments between fungal and bacterial xylanases, b-xylosidases and a-arabinosidases from a number of biochemically purified extracellular enzyme systems (e.g. Sorensen et al, 2003;Suh et al, 1996a). Synergism between different xylanases, between xylanases and the associated binding modules, and between xylanases and esterases has also been reported (e.g.…”

GH62 arabinofuranosidases: Structure, function and applications

“…Prior to fermentation, the hemicellulose is pre-treated by acid hydrolysis or subjected to alkali treatment generating non-fermentable oligosaccharide by-products inhibiting the fermentation (Saha & Bothast, 1999). A promising alternative solution consists in enzymatic degradation of hemicelluloses using a cocktail of hemicellulolytic ABFs, xylanases, esterases and xylosidases (Harris et al, 2014), which importantly advances conversion of hemicellulose to monosaccharides (Meyer et al, 2009;Sørensen et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2014a,b). Araf and Xylp can be potent inducers for production of xylanolytic enzymes in T. reesei and a T. reesei mutant, when fed simultaneously with glucose and cellobiose gave high levels of cellulolytic and ABF activities (Ike et al, 2013).…”

Cosmetic Potential of Enzymatic Treated Ginseng Leaf

“…Ultraflo L is a b-glucanase (endo-1,3(4)-), derived from Humicola insolens, and has side activities such as cellulose and b-xylanase. This enzyme apparently contains significant levels of one or more a-arabinofuranosidase side activities [16]. And then, Ultraflo L standardized to contain 45 FBG/g (fungal beta glucanase units).…”

“…The Korean ginseng leaf powder (3 g) was rehydrated with distilled water (DW, 50 mL) and 0.5 wt% Ultraflo L was added at 40°C for 12 hours to hydrolyze cellulose and pectin in the ginseng leaf [16][17][18]. The hydrolyzed mixture was extracted twice with 150 mL of ethanol under reflux in a water bath at 90°C for 2 hours.…”