Enzymatic removal of artificial plaques

Fitzgerald, Robert J.; Spinell, D. M.; Stoudt, Thomas H.

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(68)90042-3

Cited by 70 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Dental plaque formation is decreased by prior treatment with dextranase (17)(18)(19)42), by growth in low sucrose supplemented media (11), by mutants lacking the ability to synthesize dextran (44), and by antibody directed toward whole organisms or glucosyltransferases (44,45), the enzymes responsible for dextran synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). Substantial adherence is observed as early as 1 min after exposing the surface to the inoculum and the AR increased with time, reaching a plateau at [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] ip of organism removal to number of unaggregated bacteria in the standard bacterial suse effect of the number of sequential 5-min pensions. In addition, the following ratio was calecuhe removal of organisms adherent to the lated for all experiments: (number of bacteria in inievaluated.…”

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tranase (17)(18)(19), an enzyme that removes dextran from the cell surface (20,21). The virulence of dextran producing oral streptococei for caries production is caused by this attachment, a property which can be reversed by reducing cell-associated dextran.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Scheld¹,

Valone²,

Sande³

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

233

142

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A B S T R A C T The role of' dextrani in the pathogeniesis of' bacterial endocarditis was investigated by studying the adhereniee of' dextran producing oral streptococci to the constituenits of' nonl)acterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) in vitro and in vivo. The adherence of' Streptococcus saniguis to fibrin and platelets was determinedl in an in vitro assay system simulating non-I)acterial thrombotic endocarditis. Adherence was increased when the organismiis were grown in sucrosesuipplemented media (adherence ratio x 104, 177+6 in 5% suicrose vs. 140±7 in 0.5% sucrose, P < 0.001), and decreased by incubating the organisms in dextranase (adherence ratio x 104, 117+ 16, P < 0.001), an effect which was nullified by heat inactivating this enzyme (adherence ratio x 104, 192+7, P < 0.001). The amount of dextran produced in broth by three different oral streptococci correlated directly with the adherence observed to fibrin and a fibrin-platelet matrix in vitro (P < 0.001). These organisms adhered more readily to a fibrin-platelet matrix than to fibrin alone (adherence ratio x 104, 455±30 vs. 177±6, respectively, P < 0.001).The role of dextran formation was also examined in vivo in rabbits with preexisting NBTE. After injection of 107 S. sangguis, 12 of 17 animals developed endocarditis. In contrast, when the organisms were pretreated with dextranase (an enzyme that removes dextran from the bacterial cell surface), the same inoculum resulted in endocarditis in only 5 of' 19 animals (P < 0.05). In addition, a fresh strain of' S. sanguis that produiced high levels of dextran (1,220+50 ,Ag/ml) and adhered avidly to fibrin (adherence ratio x 104, 220 ±11) prodtuced endocarditis in 12 of' 18 rabbits after injection of 107 organisms. Another isolate of the same

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Scheld¹,

Valone²,

Sande³

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

233

142

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“…S. mutans was selected from indigenous oral bacteria in this study because: (1) it is one of the main bacteria in oral biofilm; (2) it is suitable for an acidic environment; (3) it is an acid-producing bacterium; (4) it is a facultative anaerobe; and (5) it can form biofilm easily in an in vitro study [38][39][40] . From this in vitro experiment, the power generating capacity of S. mutans accompanied by biofilm accumulation was confirmed using an MFC with a proton exchange membrane with a substantial decrease in the pH of the anode solution (Figs 5 and 6, Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraoral electric potential <i>via</i> oral bacterial power generation —A novel mechanism of biofilm formation

et al. 2017

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In the early stages of biofilm accumulation, the electric charge of the dental enamel and pellicle surfaces is known to be involved. We therefore investigated the relationship between oral hygiene and intraoral electric potential (IoP) in 45 male participants using a double-blind study. IoP, but not body surface electric potential, was loosely correlated with oral hygiene condition (Oral Hygiene Index; OHI). IoP was also loosely correlated with smartphone use; however, there was no significant correlation between smartphone use and OHI. IoP elevation might be caused by OHI elevation resulting from biofilm formation as an internal factor, with smartphone use as an external factor. This in vitro study revealed the generating capacity of Streptococcus mutans accompanied by biofilm accumulation using a microbial fuel cell. These results suggest that IoP elevation is caused by biofilm accumulation induced by power generation of oral bacteria, resulting in elevation of OHI.

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“…Two hours had elapsed after mechanical mouth cleansing with a toothbrush after eating. Twenty milliliters S-PD containing 12,000 units dextranase was used as a rinse for three minutes. Under the identical experimental conditions, but on another day of the test, a tablet that contained 1,200 units of S-PD was inserted into the mucobuccal fold of the maxillary premolar of the individual.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Hydrolyzing Activ-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dextranase from Spicaria violaceae (IFO 6120) on the Polysaccharides Produced by Oral Streptococci and on Human Dental Plaque

et al. 1973

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Enzymatic removal of artificial plaques

Cited by 70 publications

References 12 publications

Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Intraoral electric potential <i>via</i> oral bacterial power generation —A novel mechanism of biofilm formation

Effects of Dextranase from Spicaria violaceae (IFO 6120) on the Polysaccharides Produced by Oral Streptococci and on Human Dental Plaque

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