Enzyme and Metabolite Levels in Mammary and Abdominal Adipose Tissue of Lactating Dairy Cows

Baldwin, R.L.; Lin, Hung‐Jung; Cheng, Wei; Cabrera, Rima; Ronning, M.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(69)86527-6

Cited by 57 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In rat adipose tissues, it is thought that the NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis, which is not supplied by the pentose phosphate pathway, is produced by NADP-MDH33-37). The adipose tissue from ruminants has relatively low activities of NADH-MDH31, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Thus, it is generally thought that malate-transhydrogenation cycle has a minor role in NADPH production in ruminant However, in the present experiment, activities of NADP-MDH and CCE in the subcutaneous adipose tissue showed a marked response to diet.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Tanaka¹,

Ohtani²,

Shigeno³

1983

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

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The effects of shifting diets on fatty acid synthesis, on lipogenic-related enzyme activities, and on lipoprotein and hormone-sensitive lipase activities in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of goats were investigated.Six non-lactating goats were divided equally into two groups.The first group was shifted to the high-concentrate diet for 3 weeks after it received the roughage diet for 3 weeks.The second group was given the opposite treatment.Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of each goat one hour before feeding.The subcutaneous adipose tissue and the liver were biopsied immediately before the diets were reversed.Glucose concentration in serum was higher in the high-concentrate diet feeding than in the roughage feeding, on the other hand, NEFA concentration in serum was higher in the roughage diet feeding.Both the lipogenesis and activities of lipogenic-related enzymes and the lipoprotein lipase activity in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, were higher in the high-concentrate diet feeding than in the roughage diet feeding; in contrast , the hormone-sensitive lipase activity was higher in the roughage diet feeding than in the high-concentrate diet feeding.The shifting of diets had no influence on activities of lipogenic-related enzymes in the liver of goats. Jpn. J. Zootech. Sci., 54 (7): [470][471][472][473][474][475][476][477][478][479][480] 1983 The control of lipid metabolism has been extensively investigated in non-ruminant species1-5). However, the regulatory mechanisms involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis in ruminants are poorly understood for the simple reason that only few studies have specifically dealt with the problem. Several studies have shown that adipose tissue enzyme patterns in ruminants differ significantly from non-ruminants6-11).The major difference between ruminants and non-ruminants is the form of nutrient energy, volatile fatty acids supplying most of the energy in ruminants, and glucose being the primary energy source in non-ruminants. That is, in monogastric animals given a highconcentrate diet, fatty acids are formed from glucose in both adipose tissue and liver. Although ruminants also eat large amounts of carbohydrate, this consists mainly of cellulose and hemicellulose, and these polymers are degraded in the rumen to yield acetate, propionate and butyrate. Very little glucose is absorbed from the gut in sheep on a normal diet12). Consequently, acetate is a major precursor of fatty acids in ruminants9,13,14 Six non-lactating goats (Japanese Saanen) weighing 22 to 28kg (2 years old) were divided equally into two groups. One group was subjected to a roughage diet for 3 weeks, thereafter, it was shifted to a high-concentrate diet also for 3 weeks (R-C group). The second group was given an opposite treatment, that is, animals were first given the high-concentrate diet for 3 weeks followed by the roughage diet also for 3 weeks (C-R group). Each goat was fed alfalfa hay cube of 19g per a day per 1kg body weight (TDN intake 10g/day/1kg body weight) during the roughage d...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Tanaka¹,

Ohtani²,

Shigeno³

1983

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

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“…NEFA levels remained fairly constant. Thus the proposal of McClymont and Vallance (1962), supported by and Baldwin et al (1969) …”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Complete Pelleted Diets Based on Wheat Straw, Barley and Wheat

Blair¹,

Christensen²,

Manns³

1974

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Une résistance accrue des génisses grasses à l'insuline a été rapportée (Mc Cann et Reimers, 1985Reimers, , 1986. Ce phénomène peut aussi être interprété comme un retour des animaux vers leur état d'équilibre, mais n'est pas observé dans toutes les expériences (revue de Larnicol et al, 1984 ;Reid et al, 1986 Baldwin et al, 1969Baldwin et al, , 1973 Smith, 1971 ;Benson et al, 1972 ;Hagemeister, 1972a, b ;Yang et Baldwin, 1973a ;Jenny, 1974) sont tous modifiés par ce type de régime dans un sens qui accroît le dépôt lipidique ou réduit la lipomobilisation, ce qui est cohérent avec la réduction de la synthèse des triglycé-rides observée parallèlement dans le foie (Benson et al, 1972).…”

Section: Préambuleunclassified

“…Cette dernière modification suit probablement la disponibilité en précurseurs plus qu'elle ne la précède. En effet, le potentiel enzymatique de la lipogenèse mammaire n'est que peu affecté Baldwin et al, 1969Baldwin et al, , 1972Askew et a/., 1971 ;Emery, 1973 ;Zanartu et al, 1983), et un apport d'acides gras exogènes (suif protégé) permet de rétablir le taux butyreux en quelques jours (Storry et al, 1974) Brown, 1970 ;Emery, 1973 ;Elliot et al, 1979 ;Grummer et Davis, 1984 Elliot, 1973 ;Jenny et al, 1974 ;Jenny et Polan, 1975) et la teneur en hormone de croissance diminue Journet, 1977 ;Journet et Rémond, 1981 ;Oldham, 1984 Kronfeld, 1976Kronfeld, , 1982Baird, 1982 ;Sauvant et al, 1983 (Chilliard et al, 1977).…”

Section: Préambuleunclassified

Revue bibliographique : Variations quantitatives et métabolisme des lipides dans les tissus adipeux et le foie au cours du cycle gestation-lactation 2e partie : chez la brebis et la vache

Chilliard¹

1987

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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(cf. I.N.R.A., 1978) Par rapport à la ratte, qui a fait l'objet de la première partie de cette revue bibliographique (Chilliard, 1986), les ruminants présentent des particularités digestives qui conditionnent largement, par la nature des nutriments absorbés, l'orientation de leur métabolisme. En effet, les aliments qu'ils ingèrent, riches en parois végétales, séjournent pendant 15 à 48 h dans le rumen-réseau (dont le contenu est de 60 à 100 I chez le bovin adulte), où ils subissent une dégradation plus ou moins complète sous l'action des enzymes sécrétées par les micro-organismes qui y pullulent (10 10 par ml).Les (Basset, 1975). Le métabolisme des lipides dans le foie de ruminant a été décrit par Rémésy et al. (1984, 1986 Ballard, 1967Ballard et al., 1969Ballard et al., , 1972Hood et a/., 1972 ; Ingle et al., 1972a, b ;Vézinhet, 1976 ;Liepa et al., 1978 ;Prior, 1978 ;Smith et Crouse, 1984

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Enzyme and Metabolite Levels in Mammary and Abdominal Adipose Tissue of Lactating Dairy Cows

Cited by 57 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Complete Pelleted Diets Based on Wheat Straw, Barley and Wheat

Revue bibliographique : Variations quantitatives et métabolisme des lipides dans les tissus adipeux et le foie au cours du cycle gestation-lactation 2e partie : chez la brebis et la vache

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