Enzyme electrodes and their application

Scheller, Frieder W.; Kirstein, D.; Kirstein, L.; Schubert, Florian; Wollenberger, Ulla; Olsson, B.-E.; Gorton, Lo; Johansson, Gillis

doi:10.1098/rstb.1987.0019

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This is in contact with the electrode on one side and with the bulk solution on the other side. During the operation of the biosensor the substrate from the bulk solution is transferred through the enzyme membrane by diffusion and the enzymatic reaction leads to a current due to the liberation of electrons [1,2,5]. The concept of enzymatic equation is based on Michaelis-Menten equation.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical model of an amperometric biosensor for the design of an appropriate instrumentation system

Patre¹,

Sangam²

2007

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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In this paper, a mathematical model for a membrane based amperometric biosensor is developed. The model is based on a diffusion mechanism related to Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The model is developed for an intensive stirred condition, so it has been assumed that the thickness of the diffusion layer is negligible. The model can be used to investigate the regularities and kinetics of the amperometric biosensor, and to develop any simulation methods to study the biosensor. The model shows that current I(t) generated during the specific biosensor enzymatic reaction mainly depends on the number of electrons generated and the area of working electrode. The model also describes the effect of background current in the biosensor. The validity of the developed model has been verified by designing a computer based instrumentation system for the amperometric biosensor. Repeated real time experiments were carried out, and the results obtained are in excellent agreement with the amount determined by high performance liquid chromatographic technique (HPLC), with an accuracy of +/-1.5%.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical model of an amperometric biosensor for the design of an appropriate instrumentation system

Patre¹,

Sangam²

2007

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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“…These advantages of biosensors prompts their extension to monitoring of molecular species in various components of environment. Biosensors plays a vital role in the area of environmental biotechnology wherein emphasis being laid on substitution of non-renewable resource base with renewable resources [6].…”

Section: Basic Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentialities and Applications of Biosensors for On-Line Environmental Monitoring

Anupam

Sarin

1992

IETE Technical Review

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“…Bei neueren Elektrodentypen ist GOD meist in Polyacrylamid immobilisiert. Zahlreiche Varianten von GOD-Enzymelektroden sind beschrieben (5)(6)(7)(8), sie werden neuerdings auch in Analysatoren eingesetzt, die als "dedicated systems" speziell zur Bestimmung von Glucose-Konzentrationen in Körperflüssigkeiten dienen. Eine derartige Neukonstruktion ist der Glucose-Analysator ESAT 6660 (Eppendorf, Hamburg).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluation des Glucose-Analysators ESAT 6660

Keller¹

1990

LaboratoriumsMedizin

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Zusammenfassung: Die analytischen Leistungs-Charakteristika des Glucose-Analysators ESAT 6660 wurden ermittelt und mit den Resultaten eines konventionellen GOD/POD-Verfahrens verglichen, das an denHitachi 717-Analysator adaptiert war. Dazu wurden die Standarddeviationen in Abhängigkeit von der Analytkonzentration in Specimen mit bekannter (eingewogener) Glucose-Konzentrationen festgelegt Erwartungsgemäß stiegen die Varianzen mit zunehmenden Analytkonzentrationen. Aus den Wertpaaren kann eine Kurve konstruiert werden, die einem Polynom dritten Grades entspricht, d. h. einem Modell, das unlängst von Sadler et al. (Clin. Chem. 34, W58, 1988) beschrieben worden ist Die Kurve der ESAT-Resultate verlief etwas niedriger als die der konventionellen Methode. Transformation dieser Kurven in die relativen Abweichungen (Variationskoeffizienten) führt zu den entsprechenden Präzisions-Profilen nach Ekins. Die Differenzen zwischen Mittelwerten und Zielwerten, d. h. der Bias, wurden in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration in einem Koordinatenkreuz dargestellt und die zugehörigen Ausgleichsgeraden konstruiert. Sie repräsentieren die systematischen Abweichungen der beiden Verfahren von den Zielwerten. Diese Geraden können mit Konfidenzintervallen -konstruiert nach dem Sadlerschen Polynom -umgeben werden. Transforma--tjon in die relativen Abweichungen ergibt Bias-Profile oder Deviations-Profile. Diese Profile stellen die Leistungsfähigkeit analytischer Verfahren weit besser dar als die heute üblichen Techniken zur Methoden-Evaluation. Sie erlauben auch, entsprechend vorgegebenen Toleranzgrenzen, die unteren (oder oberen) Meßgrenzen eines Verfahrens exakt zu definieren. Unter der Voraussetzung Summary:The performance characteristics of the glucose-analyzer ESAT 6660 were established and compared with results of a conventional GOD/POD method, adapted on a Hitachi 717 system. For the purpose the standarddeviations were determined in dependence of the concentrations of specimens with known, "true" (weighed) glucose contents. As expected the variances increased with increasing concentrations. In accordance with a model recently described by Sadler et al. (Clin. Chem. 34, 1058, 1988 a cubic polynomial is then fitted to the values. The resulting curve for the ESAT was a little lower than that of the conventional method. Transformation into relative deviations (coefficients of variation) yields the corresponding precision profiles according to Ekins. The differences between the means and the true values, i. e. the biases were also presented in dependence of the concentration in a x/y diagram and a linear regression was performed. The resulting straight lines represent the systematic deviations of both methods from the true values. It is possible to cover these straight lines with confidence intervals constructed with the help of the Sadler polynomial. Transformation to the relative deviations leads to bias-or deviation-profiles respectively. These profiles represent the performance of analytical methods far better than the conventional techn...

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Enzyme electrodes and their application

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Mathematical model of an amperometric biosensor for the design of an appropriate instrumentation system

Mathematical model of an amperometric biosensor for the design of an appropriate instrumentation system

Potentialities and Applications of Biosensors for On-Line Environmental Monitoring

Evaluation des Glucose-Analysators ESAT 6660

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